Energy
Describe Potential Energy and give an example
What is: the stored energy of position possessed by an object.
Example: A child at the top of a slide.
Define a force and give an example
What is: A force is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object.
Example: Gravity
What is the type of energy that the sun provides to the Earth? (Hint: provides heat and light energy)
A: Electrical
B: Solar
C: Thermal
B: Solar Energy
The force resulting from the pull of Earth on an object is?
A. Mass
B. Gravity
C. Weight
D. Acceleration
What is: B. Gravity
Describe Kinetic Energy and give an example
What is: energy in motion, once it has been released.
Example: when you throw a baseball – when the baseball is “moving” that's the kinetic energy.
What is: Total Distance Travelled/Total time it took to travel that distance.
Gary took his little cart and put it on a hill. Then he let it go. What kind of energy did he make?
A. Chemical Energy
B. Potential Energy
C. Kinetic Energy
D. Food Energy
E. Thermal Energy
What is: Kinetic Energy
Jennifer is walking to school. It took her 2 minutes to walk 100 feet. How fast was she walking?
A. 100 feet per mile
B. 50 feet per minute
C. 50 feet per mile
D. 100 miles per hour
What is: B. 50 feet per minute
Define the Law of Conservation of Energy and give an example of when this law is at play.
What is: States that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it just changes form.
Example: Kelly ran across the room and bumped into her brother, pushing him to the floor. The kinetic energy she possessed because of her movement was transferred to her brother, causing him to move.
Define the term "net force" of an object and identify what happens when it is non-zero.
What is: The overall force on an object when all the individual forces acting on an object are added together.
The object will start moving/accelerating in the direction of the unbalanced force.
A person on a Bicycle is converting Chemical Energy to:
A. Kinetic Energy
B. Potential Energy
C. Chemical Energy
D. Cookie Energy
If John is pulling a rope to the left with a force of 30 N, while Michael is pulling to the right with a force of 45 N, the rope will move right with a force of 15 N.
A. True
B. False
What is: Thermal energy is the total kinetic (motion) energy of the tiny particles that make up matter. The faster the particles move, the warmer the matter becomes.
Three ways of energy transfer:
Conduction: Transfer of thermal energy that occurs in solids, liquids, and gases when two substances of different temperatures touch.
Example: The heat from a hot liquid makes the cup itself hot. If you grab a cup that has hot coffee, tea or broth in it, the cup itself will be hot and your hands will feel it.
Convection: This is a transfer of heat by mixing a fluid, such as a gas or liquid
Example: boiling water and when warm water mixes with cold water.
Radiation: The transfer of heat through an empty space
Example: Sunlight to Earth
Identify Newton's three laws of motion and defined them
First Law: An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion will continue with constant speed and direction unless acted on by unbalance force.
Second Law: The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied.
Third Law: For every action force, there is a reaction force equal in strength and opposite in direction.
If you stick a metal spoon into a bowl of warm soup, the spoon gets warm. This is an example of:
A. Conduction
B. Radiation
C. Convection
Select the correct law of motion for this situation.
A rocket launches sending gases down to the ground, causing the rocket to move upward.
A. First Law
B. Second Law
C. Third Law
What is: Third Law
Define the natural tendency/movement of thermal energy
What is: Thermal energy moves in a predictable pattern: From warmer to cooler until all substances attain the same temperature.
Example: Ice cube melting at room temperature.
Identify what is an inclined plane and explain it can be used to change the amount of force to move an object.
What is: it is a plane (a flat surface) that is inclined, or slanted, at an acute angle.
It can make objects easier to transport from a lower to a higher position.
Example: Pushing a textbook up a ramp vs lifting a textbook.
Energy...
A. Is the ability to do work or cause a change
B. is all the movement in the universe
C. Cannot be created or destroyed
D. All of the above
What is: D. All of the above.
If gravity on Earth suddenly stopped, Earth would move
A. in orbit with the Sun
B. In the opposite direction of what Earth was heading
C. No change in its motion/direction
D: In a straight line
What is: C. No change in its motion/direction