Vocabulary
What is the force that opposes the motion of objects sliding past each other?
Friction
Which of Newton's laws states that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an external force?
Newton's 1st Law
What is the net force if two people push a box with equal force in opposite directions?
What is zero (balanced force)?
What is the energy of motion called?
Calculate the work done if a force of 50 N moves an object 2 meters.
What is 100 Joules (W = Fd)
What is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion?
Inertia
Which law explains why a rocket launches upward when its engines push exhaust downward?
Newton's 3rd Law
What is the unit of measurement for force?
Newton (N)
What are the correct units for work?
Joules (J)
What is the mass of a stroller pushed with 40 N of force accelerating at 1.6 m/s²?
25 kg (m = F/a)
The rate of change of velocity is known as what?
Acceleration
What is the formula representing Newton's Second Law of Motion?
F=ma
What determines the direction an object will move when forces are unbalanced?
The direction of the greater force.
What happens to potential energy when an object's height increases?
It increases
Find the acceleration of a 20 kg suitcase pushed with 50 N of force.
What is 2.5 m/s² (a = F/m)
What type of energy is stored due to an object's position above the ground?
Gravitational Potential Energy
A golf ball flies off a tee when struck. Which of Newton's laws explains this motion?
Newton's 1st Law
In a tug of war, Team A pulls with 500 N, and Team B with 400 N. Which team wins?
Team A
Name two forms of potential energy.
What are elastic potential energy/chemical energy/gravitational energy
A shopping cart requires 900 J of work to be pushed .03 kilometers. What force was applied?
30 N (F = W/d)
What law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed?
The Law of Conservation of Energy
Newton's 3rd Law is also known as...BECAUSE...
The law of action/reaction BECAUSE whenever one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.
What is the difference between contact and non-contact forces? Give an example of each.
Contact forces require physical contact (like friction), non-contact forces act at a distance (like gravity).
Contact: friction, buoyant force, air resistance, water resistance
Non-contact: gravitational/magnetic/electrical
How does mass affect kinetic energy?
As mass increases, kinetic energy increases.
A 15,000g object is on a 4 meter high platform. Calculate its potential energy.
588 J (PE = mgh, using g = 9.8 m/s²)