Describing Motion & Force
What determines if an object is in motion?
A. Its speed compared to other objects
B. Its change in position relative to a reference point
C. Its size and weight
D. Its distance from Earth
B. Its change in position relative to a reference point
What is the correct formula for calculating speed?
A. Distance × Time
B. Distance ÷ Time
C. Time ÷ Distance
D. Distance + Time
B. Distance ÷ Time
What is another name for Newton's First Law of Motion?
A. The law of motion
B. The law of equal and opposite forces
C. The law of inertia
D. The law of acceleration
C. The law of inertia
Friction acts in which direction relative to the motion of an object?
A. The same direction as motion
B. Opposite to motion
C. Perpendicular to motion
D. In no particular direction
B. Opposite to motion
What direction does friction act in relation to an object’s motion?
a) In the same direction as the motion
b) Opposite to the motion
c) Perpendicular to the motion
d) In a circular direction
b) Opposite to the motion
Which of the following is an example of a contact force?
A. Gravity pulling a ball downward
B. Friction between shoes and the sidewalk
C. The magnetic force between two magnets
D. The force of Earth pulling on the moon
B. Friction between shoes and the sidewalk
Which of the following is an example of instantaneous speed?
A. A car traveling 150 km in 3 hours
B. A car moving at 60 km/h at a specific moment
C. A runner completing a 100-meter race in 12 seconds
D. A plane traveling 600 km in 2 hours
B. A car moving at 60 km/h at a specific moment
Which of the following equations represents Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
A. Mass = Force × Acceleration
B. Force = Mass ÷ Acceleration
C. Force = Mass × Acceleration
D. Acceleration = Mass × Force
C. Force = Mass × Acceleration
Which of the following surfaces would produce the most friction?
A. A smooth ice rink
B. A wet tile floor
C. A rough concrete road
D. A polished wooden surface
C. A rough concrete road
Which surface will produce the most friction?
a) A smooth tile floor
b) A polished wooden table
c) A rough concrete road
d) A slippery ice rink
c) A rough concrete road
What happens when two forces acting on an object are balanced?
A. The object speeds up.
B. The object slows down.
C. The object’s motion does not change.
D. The object changes direction.
C. The object’s motion does not change.
What does the slope of a distance-time graph represent?
A. Distance traveled
B. Speed of the object
C. Acceleration of the object
D. Time taken to travel
B. Speed of the object
What happens to the acceleration of an object if its mass increases while the net force remains constant?
A. Acceleration increases.
B. Acceleration decreases.
C. Acceleration remains the same.
D. Acceleration becomes zero.
B. Acceleration decreases.
Which factor increases the gravitational force between two objects?
A. Decreasing the distance between the objects
B. Decreasing the mass of the objects
C. Increasing the distance between the objects
D. Both A and B
A. Decreasing the distance between the objects
What happens to the gravitational force between two objects as the distance between them increases?
a) The gravitational force increases
b) The gravitational force decreases
c) The gravitational force stays the same
d) The gravitational force doubles
b) The gravitational force decreases
Which of the following statements best explains relative motion?
A. Motion depends on the size of the object.
B. Motion can only occur if there is friction.
C. Motion is determined by comparing an object’s position to a reference point.
D. Motion occurs only when forces are unbalanced.
C. Motion is determined by comparing an object’s position to a reference point.
If a car is traveling at a constant speed of 20 m/s eastward, what does this describe?
A. Speed
B. Acceleration
C. Velocity
D. Instantaneous speed
C. Velocity
Which of the following is an example of Newton's Third Law of Motion?
A. A hockey puck slides on ice until it is stopped by friction.
B. A car stops suddenly, and passengers lurch forward.
C. A rocket pushes exhaust gases backward to propel itself forward.
D. A ball rolling down a hill speeds up.
C. A rocket pushes exhaust gases backward to propel itself forward.
A skydiver reaches terminal velocity during free fall. What is happening at this point?
A. Gravity is no longer acting on the skydiver.
B. Air resistance equals the gravitational force.
C. The skydiver stops accelerating and starts slowing down.
D. The skydiver’s GPE increases.
B. Air resistance equals the gravitational force.
If a book is pushed across a table and eventually stops, which force is responsible for stopping it?
a) Gravity
b) Air resistance
c) Friction
d) Balanced force
c) Friction
A book is resting on a shelf. Which forces are acting on the book, and why is it not moving?
A. The force of gravity and friction are balanced.
B. The downward force of gravity and the upward force of the shelf are balanced.
C. The force of the shelf pushing up is stronger than gravity.
D. There are no forces acting on the book.
B. The downward force of gravity and the upward force of the shelf are balanced.
A car accelerates from 0 m/s to 30 m/s in 5 seconds. What is its acceleration?
A. 5 m/s²
B. 6 m/s²
C. 30 m/s²
D. 35 m/s²
B. 6 m/s²
If a 10 kg object accelerates at 5 m/s², what is the net force acting on it?
A. 2 N
B. 5 N
C. 50 N
D. 500 N
C. 50 N
A book has a mass of 3 kg and is 4 meters above the ground. What is its gravitational potential energy (GPE)?
A. 7.35 J
B. 12 J
C. 117.6 J
D. 29.4 J
C. 117.6 J
A runner accelerates from 2 m/s to 6 m/s in 2 seconds. What is the runner's acceleration?
a) 2 m/s²
b) 4 m/s²
c) 6 m/s²
d) 8 m/s²
Acceleration = (Final Speed - Initial Speed) ÷ Time
a) 2 m/s²