Laws & Diagrams
Vocabulary
Interpreting Diagrams
KE, Mass, Speed
100
An object in motion stays in motion and an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an outside force.
Newton's First Law
100
the amount of matter in an object
mass
100
Does an empty roller coaster or a full roller coaster require more force to move? Explain.
The full coaster requires more force because it has a larger mass (F=ma).
100
What math word describes the relationship between mass and KE?
linear
200
Force = Mass x Acceleration is which law?
Newton's Second Law
200
Speed of an object in a certain direction
Velocity
200
Two bicyclists collide. The people are about the same mass but the girl is riding a much heavier bicycle. At the moment they collide, describe the forces. (Hint: Newton's 3rd Law)
They will apply an EQUAL and OPPOSITE force to each other.
200
According to the graph, describe the relationship between mass and KE.
As mass increases, KE increases.
300
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton's Third Law
300
a push or a pull that can change the motion of an object
force
300
The moment an egg hits the concrete, describe the forces.
If I am slowing down in the car, is that acceleration?
The egg applies a force to the ground while the ground applies an EQUAL and OPPOSITE force to the egg, causing it to crack.
300
Examine the graph of mass vs KE (top) compared to speed vs KE (bottom). What is one similarity and one difference between these graphs?
Similarity: As each increases, KE increases
Difference: KE increases more rapidly for speed compared to mass
400
Two same sized hot wheels cars (one red, one pink) are rolling along at the same speed (1 m/s). Each small car is bumped by a large toy car. The red hot wheel car is now going 5 m/s after the bump. The pink hot wheel car is now going 3 m/s after the bump.
Sketch a diagram of this scenario.
400
The rate at which velocity (direction or speed) changes over time
Acceleration
400
Describe the motion of this grocery cart.
The grocery cart would not be moving because the forces are equal (balanced), which means the person's push is not larger than the force of friction.
400
Is the relationship between speed and KE linear? Explain.
It is NOT linear as it is not a line and does not increase at the same rate that speed increases. KE increases much at a much faster rate than speed increases.
500
Two same sized hot wheels cars (one red, one pink) are rolling along at the same speed (1 m/s). Each small car is bumped by a large toy car. The red hot wheel car is now going 5 m/s after the bump. The pink hot wheel car is now going 3 m/s after the bump.
Which hot wheel car experienced a bigger force? How do you know?
The red car experienced a larger force. I know this because it had the same mass, same starting speed, but ended up going FASTER (bigger acceleration) than the pink car.
500
Define kinetic AND potential energy.
KE- energy due to motion
PE- stored energy
500
Describe the motion of this box, using numbers.
The box would be moving to the right, because the net force is 10 Newtons to the right. It is not moving up or down because those forces are balanced (equal).
500
Which would cause more damage: a small pebble launched from a slingshot towards a window, or a large brick that falls off a picnic table? Explain using the formula KE= 1/2mv^2
The small pebble has way more kinetic energy, because it has a much higher velocity. This means it will transfer more energy and cause more damage (a broken window) compared to a heavy brick falling much slower.