Confronting Slavery and Missouri
Give one reason for slavery being a challenge for Congress.
Possible answers:
-There was already a balance of free and slave states and it could affect the power in Congress
-Its location was partly in slave territory
-Making it a slave state might cause slavery to spread west
Which far-western state asked to enter the union as a free state?
California
Which northern Senator proposed a railroad going to California?
Senator Stephen Douglas (of Illinois)
Give the reason that Dred Scott brought his case to the Supreme Court.
He had spent time in Wisconsin with his owner. Wisconsin was considered to be a free state and he wondered whether he was a free man.
Who was elected President in 1860?
Abraham Lincoln
What did the Tallmadge Amendment say?
Missouri would enter the union as a free state.
What did the Wilmot-Proviso say?
That any land acquired from the Mexican-American War would not have slavery.
How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act affect the Missouri Compromise?
It nullified (got rid of) it.
What 2 rulings did the Supreme Court give in the Dred Scott Decision?
1. Dred Scott was considered to be property which could not be taken away from his owner. (5th Amendment)
2. The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional and therefore, Scott was not a free man.
What political party was the newly elected president (Election of 1860) a member of?
The Republican Party
What are the three parts of the Missouri Compromise?
1. Missouri would be a slave state.
2. Maine would be a free state.
3. A 36-30 line of latitude would divide free and slave territory.
What were the two benefits for the North in the Compromise of 1850?
1. California would be a free state.
2. The slave trade would end in Washington, D.C.
What type of territories would Kansas and Nebraska be? (in terms of slavery)
They would be sovereign - citizens could vote whether or not to have slavery.
Which two political parties formed the Republican Party?
The Whig party and the Free Soilers
What was the first state to leave the union?
South Carolina
What was the Gag Rule of 1836?
There would be no talk of slavery in Congress for 10 years.
What were two benefits for the South in the Compromise of 1850?
1. The Utah and New Mexico territories would remain open to slavery (by voting).
2. A fugitive slave law would require northerns to return fugitive slaves to their owners.
Why did the Kansas election result in there being slavery?
Border ruffians (people from Missouri) crossed into Kansas to vote for slavery in the election.
What united the Republicans?
The abolishment of slavery
How many states seceded from the union after the first state seceded?
Six
Which slave led a rebellion against slave-owners?
Nat Turner
What effect did the Fugitive Slave Law have on the North?
Most northerners did not comply with the law.
Which abolitionist launched an attack on the slavery capital in Kansas?
John Brown
Who raided Harper's Ferry and why?
John Brown raided Harper's Ferry.
He planned to arm the slaves for a rebellion.
What was the name of the newly-seceded states?
The Confederate States of America
Describe one way the North reacted to the Gag Rule and one way the South reacted to the Gag Rule.
The North printed literature and newspapers with anti-slavery viewpoints.
The South banned anti-slavery literature with strict laws.
Which popular novel turned many more northerners away from the idea of slavery?
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Which senator was beaten with a cane during his speech about the battle in Kansas?
Senator Sumner (of Massachusetts).
How did Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas differ in their views towards slavery in their debate? Explain both sides.
Abraham Lincoln believed that a divided house cannot stand; the union will either be completely free or completely slavery.
Douglas believed the Dred Scott Decision settled the argument over slavery; the union could survive half slave and half free.
How did the Civil War begin?
South Carolina fired on a federal fort (in Charleston, Virginia).