toxicology
what are 4 factors that determine the rate at which alcohol is absorbed
1) time taken of consume the drink
2) alcohol content
3)alcohol consumed
4)food in the stomach
what effects does club drugs has? and what are steriods created of?
1) acts on CNS causes changes in mood & awareness
2)synthetic compounds chemically related to testosterone (used for muscle growth)
describe drugs schedule V and IV and III
schedule V : must show low abuse potential, have widely medical used ex, cough medicine, opiates drug mixtures in medicine
schedule IV : have low potential abuse, have medical use ex, some transquilizers, libruim, darvon
schedule III : have less potential abuse, accepted medical use ex, all barbiturates such as codein and anabolic steriods
Marquis test used for what drugs and what are the reaction?
1) Methamphetamine : dark reddish orange
2)LSD : olive black
3)Mescaline : orange
what is the procedure for TLC (thin layer chromatography)
The sample is spotted onto one end of the TLC plate and placed vertically into a closed chamber with an organic solvent (mobile phase). The mobile phase travels up the plate by capillary forces and sample components migrate varying distances based on their differential affinities for the stationary and mobile phases.
lmao wtf
where does the oxidation and excretion takes place
(oxidation in liver), alcohol is excreted in urine, breath, sweating
what are Narcotics drugs (effects, purpose) and what is the common source?
1) It is substance used to treat moderate to severe pain (analgesics effect)
2)the effects are drowsiness, apathy
3) source : opiates, opium
what schedules has the highes potential abuse drugs
schedule I
Duquenois-Lavine test used for what drugs and what are the reaction?
1)THC : purple
what is a quantitative test? test for what
it test for percentage composition of the components of a mixture
what are the 3 tests for alcohol?
1) breathalyzer - it captures the intereaction between the Infrared light and the breath
2) field tests - estimation for the physical impairment by alcohol ex. HGN (Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus), one-leg-stand, walk-and-turn, finger-to-nose, and counting backwards.
3)Gas Chromatography - using the nonalcoholic disinfectant be applied to the skin before penetrating
what are stimulants effects and examples of the drugs?
1)increase alertness which followed by a period of exhaustion and depression
2) Cocaine, methamphetamine, amphetamine
what schedule is PCP and LSD in?
PCP : schedule II
LSD : schedule I
Nitric acid test used for what drugs and what are the reaction?
1)LSD : brown
2)opium ; dark orange yellow
3)oxycodone : yellow
what is UV spectrophotometry?
determining the material's probable identity (not definitive result)
in what year does the legal BAC changed to 0.08%? What was the first and second legal BAC and what year?
in 1972 it is 0.08%.
In 1964 it is 0.15%
In 1965 it is 0.10%.
what are the function of depressants on brain and the effects of its?
1) depress the function of CNS
2)calm irritability and anxiety / induce sleep and muscle coordination
examples are alcohol, barbiturates, transquilizers, glue cement
5 schedules are classified by what??
1) potential for abuse
2)potential for physical and psychological dependence
3)medical uses
cobalt thiocyanate test used for what drugs and what are the reaction?
1)cocaine : greenish blue
2) methadone : greenish blue
what is IR spectrophotometry?
more complex pattern/ it is equivalent to a fingerprint
To identify whether the body fluid have heavy metals, what test should be used? what will happen is it is presented?
1) dissolve in HCL
2)Copper strips is inserted to the solution
the presence of slivery or dark coating on the copper strip
what are the function of hallucinogens on brain and the effects of its?
1) temporarily disrupting communication between brain chemical systems
2)changes in thinking process
examples are marijuana, LSD,PCD
what is the theory of Chromatography?
they have tendency of potentially escape into the surrounding environment when dissolved in a liquid or absorbed
Dillie-Koppanyi test used for what drugs and what are the reaction?
Barbiturates : light purple