DNA Basics
DNA left at a crime scene is unique because it can do what that most other evidence cannot?
Individually identify a specific suspect
What are the three main types of blood cells?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
What physical forces affect how the blood sticks to itself and other surfaces?
Cohesion and adhesion
A bloodstain pattern that results from blood spattering on adjacent walls and ceilings from blunt force trauma. (passive, transfer, or projected)
Projected
Name one common bodily source of DNA evidence.
Blood, saliva, hair, skin cells, or fingerprints
What is the process called that identifies a person based on their genetic code?
DNA Profiling
The primary function of a white blood cell
What is fights infections?
What does the area of convergence indicate?
The approximate 2D location where blood originated
Bloodstain drop(s) created or formed by the force of gravity acting alone. (passive, transfer, or projected)
What is a passive drop?
How should DNA evidence be stored during transport?
Dry, cool, and out of direct sunlight
Which organization uses DNA to help exonerate wrongly convicted suspects?
The Innocence Project
What is agglutination?
The clumping together of red blood cells
What happens to the size of the blood droplet as height increases?
It gets larger
A bloodstain pattern caused by a high speed impact or force to a blood source such as that produced by a gunshot. (what velocity?)
What is high velocity impact spatter?
What should you do immediately if exposed to contaminated blood?
to contaminated blood?Wash with soap and water, flush eyes/mouth if needed, report exposure, and seek medical evaluation
DNA can be used not only to identify individuals but also to determine what kind of relationships?
Kinship or family relationships
What is responsible for blood clotting?
platelets
What is the equation used to calculate angle of impact?
sin^-1 (W/L)
a bloody handprint is an example of what type of blood spatter? (passive, transfer, or projected)
transfer
Name one bloodborne pathogen CSIs must avoid exposure to.
HIV, HBV, HCV, or Syphilis
What does CODIS stand for?
Combined DNA Index System
Before DNA profiling, what test was used to help identify individuals?
Blood typing
a blood droplet with a very ovular shape has what kind of angle?
a smaller angle
What is the angle of impact?
The acute angle formed when blood strikes a surface
If blood has already dried, how can it be collected?
By removing the surface it has dried on