Principles of Exchange
Director of the world's first forensic lab in Lyon, France. Developed the Locard Exchange Principle.
Who is Dr. Edmond Locard?
Narrows an identity to a group of persons or things.
What is Class Evidence?
Photographing the crime scene, close-up photo of evidence.
What is step 4, seeing the scene?
These are the first responders that secure the crime scene.
Who are Police Officers?
Evidence that connects an individual or thing to a certain group.
What is class evidence?
The location where the crime scene took place.
What is primary crime scene?
In this step evidence is collected and sent to a crime lab.
Step 1 of analyzing evidence once the crime-scene investigation is complete.
Material that is transferred when one person comes in contact with another.
What is trace evidence?
Narrows an identity to a single person or thing.
What is Individual Evidence?
Using a pattern to ensure all evidence is secure.
What is step 6, searching for evidence?
These individuals document, collect evidence, record, and photograph the crime scene.
Who are Crime-Scene Investigators?
Indirect evidence used to imply a fact but not prove it directly.
What is circumstantial evidence?
Evidence that (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of a crime.
The person to which the collected evidence is sent in step 2.
Who is a specialized lab technician?
List 3 examples of trace evidence.
What are hair, fingerprints, soil, blood, paper, tissue, or fibers?
Two types of circumstantial evidence.
What are biological and physical evidence?
This step involves safety, securing evidence, and logging requests for additional help.
What is step 1, secure the scene?
This individual determines the cause of death.
Who is a Medical Examiner?
The documented and unbroken transfer of evidence.
What is chain of custody?
A location other than the primary crime scene, but that is in some way related to the crime, where evidence is found.
This person receives the lab results in step 3 of the analyzing evidence process.
Who is the lead detective?
Explain the Locard Exchange Principle.
What is when a person comes in contact with another person or object a cross-transfer of physical evidence can occur?
Includes bodily fluid, hair, and natural fibers.
What is biological evidence?
This step involves creating a rough sketch to include all evidence, fixed points and directions, and all information to complete a final sketch.
What is step 5, sketching the scene?
This person looks for leads & interviews witnesses.
Who is a detective?
A hypothesis of the sequence of events from before the crime was committed through its commission.
What is crime-scene reconstruction?
A small but measurable amount of physical or biological material found at a crime scene.
What is trace evidence?
This happens in step 4 of analyzing evidence once a crime-scene investigation is complete.
What is crime scene reconstruction?
Determines the amount of evidence that may be transferred in the Locard Exchange Principle.
What is the extent of contact?
Includes fingerprints, tire impressions, fiber, bullet casings.
What is physical evidence?
This step involves questioning witnesses individually to avoid collusion.
What is step 2, separating the witnesses?
This person may be consulted if evidence requires his or her expertise.
Who is a specialist?
Item that is folded and used to hold trace evidence.
What is a bindle?
Lessening of a penalty without forgiveness of the crime.
What is clemency?
Form a hypothesis of events.
What is step 5 of analyzing evidence.
This step involves determining the primary and secondary crime scene.
What is step 3, scanning the scene?
The first police officer to arrive at a crime scene.
What is a first responder?
In this scenario evidence does not lie, but it can be staged.
What is crime-scene reconstruction?
This occurs in step 6 of analyzing evidence once the crime-scene investigation is complete.
What is compare evidence to witness accounts to confirm or acquit a suspect?
This step involves establishing a chain of custody and properly packaging evidence.
What is secure and collect evidence?
A kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or thing.
What is individual evidence?
What is pardon?
List the 7 steps of crime-scene investigation in order?
What are secure the scene, separating the witnesses, scanning the scene, seeing the scene, sketching the scene, searching for evidence, & secure and collect evidence?
A multidisciplinary approach in which scientific and legal professionals work together to solve a crime.
What is crime-scene investigation?
To recognize, document, and collect evidence at a the scene of a crime.