History of Forensics
What is Forensic Science?
The study and application of science to criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system.
What is a crime scene?
any physical location in which a crime has occurred or is supected of having occured
Impression evidence is
What is an object or material that have retained the characteristic of other objects through direct contact?
DNA stands for
What is deoxyribose nucleic acid?
Hair and nails are made up of this protein
keratin
"Every Contact Leaves a Trace"
Locard Exchange Principle
Testimonial evidence includes ----- or ----- statements
oral or written
The most common fingerprint type...
loops
CODIS stands for
COmbined DNA Index System
Three parts of hair
what is the cuticle, cortex, and medulla
Why is Albert Osborn important?
authored "Question Documents", still used today in forensic science
Cross Race Effect (CRE)
People are better at recognizing faces of their own race rather than those of other races.
Ridgeology is
the study of the uniqueness of friction ridge structures and their use for person identification
Dna is located...
found in chromosomes in the nucleus of cells
What are the two types of fiber that we have talked about in class?
Natural fibers and synthetic fibers?
Edmond Locard create
the first crime lab
Who is typically the first at a crime scene?
Police Officers
List the four examples of impression evidence we talked about in class.
-bite marks, tire tracks, shoe prints, tool marks
These are the parts that make up DNA
-phosphate molecules
-nucleotides (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine)
Continuity is a characteristic that can vary in which part of the hair?
Medulla
Question Documents...
any handwriting, typing, signature, or mark whose authenticity is in dispute
Order the Crime Scene Protocol
Step 1: Interview
Step 2: Examine
Step 3: Document
Step 4: Process
Draw a whorl fingerprint (be sure to include the delta)
one circle and two deltas
List three way that DNA can be used as evidence.
-link suspect to evidence/ eliminate a suspect
-identify a victim
-link crime scenes
-place an individual at a crime scene
-refute a claim of self-defense
Which part of hair is the MOST important part in determining which human a hair came from?
What is the cortex?