Field Notebook
Canopy, Understory, Shrub Layer, Herb Layer, Litter
What are forest strata?
Camping, Hiking, Picnics, Swimming, Paddle Sports, Winter Sports
What are recreation activities in forests?
Established by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1905
What is the US Forest Service?
90% are caused by people and 10% are naturally caused (i.e. lightening)
What are forest fires?
Fallen tree or stump which is decomposing and provides food and cover for insects, fungi, invertebrates and small vertebrates
What is a nurse log?
Layers of new wood added by a tree during spring and summer growth
What makes tree rings?
The land area or region drained by streams or rivers
What is a watershed?
The system(s) of planting, growing and harvesting stands of trees
What is silviculture?
Forest fire that has climbed into the canopy, moves very quickly, and burns very hot, known to jump firebreaks
What is a crown fire?
Plants that have naked seeds in cones
What are gymnosperms?
The area where a species lives and is provided with food, water, space and shelter
What is a wildlife habitat?
Clear cut system, seed tree system, shelter wood system, single tree selection, group selection
What are the silviculture, regeneration cutting systems?
Practice campfire safety, extinguish flammable items and dispose of properly, never play with matches or lighters
How can you prevent forest fires?
Flowering deciduous, broad leaf plants/trees that have ovules or "eggs" (would be most fruit and nut trees)
What are angiosperms?
Deciduous trees
What type of tree produces hardwood lumber?
Plants use carbon dioxide, water, and solar radiation to produce glucose for energy
What is photosynthesis?
Originally called L'arcadia and later nicknamed "Penn's Woods"
What is Pennsylvania?
Non-native plants, animals and other living organisms
What are invasive species?
A person who studies trees and calculates annual tree growth
What is a dendrochronologist?
Coniferous trees
What type of tree produces softwood lumber?
Pulpwood, lumber, veneer, fruit, nuts, syrup, resin, dye
What are forest products?
Do not crowd seedlings together, press the roots against the bottom of the hole you made, the hole has to be deeper than the roots are long
What is important when replanting forests?
Plan Ahead & Prepare, Travel & Camp on Durable Surfaces, Dispose of Waste Properly, Leave What You Find, Minimize Campfire Impacts, Respect Wildlife, and Be Considerate of Other Visitors
What are the seven "Leave No Trace" principles of outdoor recreation?