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DNA information must be carried by an intermediary called _____, from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
What is messanger ribonucleic acid (mRNA).
The codon AUG on the mRNA codes for which amino acid (give the 3-letter abbreviation)?
What is a Met.
Coprolites (animal dung), bones, and impressions of body parts in rocks are called ________.
Fossils
A random change in the DNA nucleotide base sequence is called a ________.
Mutation
Each gene consists of two or more segments of DNA that encode for protein, called ___, that are interrupted by other segments that are not translated, called ___.
What are exons & introns.
RNA differs structurally from DNA in three ways.
What is 1) RNA is usually single-stranded, 2) RNA has the sugar ribose rather than deoxyribose in its backbone, 3) RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil (U) instead of thymine (T).
During elongation, ___ are added one at a time to the growing protein chain.
What are Amino acids.
Mammalian appendages with similar bone structures can be used for flying, swimming, running, or grasping. These are examples of ________ structures.
Homologous
For a mutation to affect the evolution of an animal species, it must occur within what type of cell?
Gametes.
The three types and roles of RNA involved in protein synthesis.
What are
–Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries DNA gene information to the ribosome
–Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome
–Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is part of the structure of ribosomes
If a codon UAG is reached what does this indicate?
What is stop.
Pelvic bones in snakes and whales are ________ structures.
Vestigial
The idea that physical changes I make to myself will be passed on to my children was proposed by
Lamarck
___, groups of three bases in mRNA, specify which amino acids will be incorporated into a protein.
What are codons.
In general, each gene codes for a single ____.
What is a protein.
The wings of insects and bats are ________ structures.
Analogous
Lyell devised the theory of _____ to account for Earth's old age.
Uniformitarianism
A group of three bases, called a(n) ____, protrudes from each tRNA.
What is an anticodon.
A _____ mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are removed from the gene sequence
What is a deletion.
The large, productive udders of domesticated milk goats and cows are products of artificial or natural selection?
Artificial
The publication date of On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection.
1859
The ____ is like a dictionary that helps translate the sequence of bases in nucleic acids into the sequence of amino acids in proteins.
What is the genetic code.
An ___ mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are added to the gene sequence
What is an insertion
Darwin and ________ both developed and proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
Wallace.
Who suggested that giraffes developed their long necks over time by stretching?
Lamarck
This enzyme lays down a short strand of RNA at the beginning of the gene that marks where transcription is to be initiated.
What is primase.
_____ and _____ occur when pieces of DNA are broken apart and reattached, within a single chromosome or to a different chromosome.
What are inversions and translocations.
The theory that earthquakes, floods, and other natural disasters cause extinctions of some species while leaving others unharmed is ________.
Catastrophism
Modern geologists estimate that the age of Earth is about _____.
4.5 billion years old.