Basic Concepts
The Human Body
Counting Carbs
I'm not fat, it's just Lipids
Pro Teen
Water, Water, Everywhere
Micronutrients
Final Jeopardy
100

The three basic functions of nutrients in the body.

Energy, Body structure, Regulate metabolism

100

These are the four main functions of the digestive system.

•Take in food

•Break it down into nutrient molecules

•Absorb molecules into the bloodstream

•Rid body of any indigestible remains

100

The two major classifications of carbohydrates and their subsequent groups.

Simple (mono and disaccharides), Complex (polysaccharides)

100

Name 2 functions of lipids.

•Storing energy

•Regulating and signaling

•Insulating and protecting

•Aiding digestion and increasing bioavailability

100

Proteins are composed of _____ types of amino acids.

20

100

Most of your body water is found in this compartment.

Intracellular fluid (ICF).

100

Vitamins are classified as water or fat soluble.  Name ALL of the fat-soluble vitamins.

Vitamin A, D, E, K.

100

Monoglycerides and fatty acids are absorbed through the lining of the small intestine via _____ then re-form into triglycerides.  These triglycerides are then combined with other materials to form _____ before they are carried off in the _____ system back to the heart.

Micelles, Chylomicrons, Lymphatic.

200

One of these is enough energy to heat 1kg water 1degree C.

1 Calorie (1 kilocalorie, 1000 calories)

200

_____: series of catabolic steps that involves enzymes that break down complex food molecules into chemical building blocks

Digestion

200

Name 2 examples of a monsaccharide.

Glucose, fructose, galactose, pentose

200

_____ are known as dietary fats made up, in part, of a glycerol head.

Triglycerides

200

Your body can synthesize _____ nonessential amino acids, but you must consume the other _____ essential amino acids.

11, 9

200

Water (a solvent) dissolves solutes (classified as nonelectrolytes and electrolytes).  Name 1 example of each.

Nonelectrolytes (mostly organic; glucose, lipids, creatine, urea).

Electrolytes (mostly inorganic; salts, all acids and bases, some proteins)

200

These are all organic compounds that are crucial in helping body use nutrients.

Vitamins

300

This macronutrient contains more than double the amount of energy of most other macronutrients.

Lipids (1gram = 9kcal.)

300

This organ makes bile which aids in the digestion and absorption of fat.

Liver

300

This disaccharide is formed by linking glucose and fructose together.  Commonly called table sugar.

Sucrose

300

Choosing _____ fat is more beneficial than choosing a _____ fat.

Unsaturated; saturated

300

Name two functional roles proteins play in the body.

Structural, storage, movement, transport, enzymatic.

300

Water moves freely along _____ gradients.

Osmotic

300

This vitamin is made in the skin and helps you absorb the Ca in your diet.

Vitamin D

400

Nutrient-_____ foods have significant amounts of 1 or more essential nutrients per calorie.

Dense (High quality food)

400

This organ stores bile and releases it into the small intestine when needed.

Gallbladder

400

This polysaccharide is a form of energy storage in animals.  Often stored in muscles and the liver.

Glycogen

400

Your body cannot synthesize these essential fatty acids.

Omega 3 and 6.

400

This protein is most abundant in your bone tissues, skin, blood vessels, and tendons/ligaments.

Collagen.

400

For optimum health, water intake must equal water output.  Regarding water output, _____ is the loss of water you are not aware of. Ex: from the skin and lungs.

Insensible water loss

400

Without vitamin _____, blood would not clot.

K

500

The correct order of the scientific method.

Observe - Question - Hypothesis - Predict - Test - Conclude

500

BMI measurements are used by health professionals to correlate _____ with populations of people and at the individual level.

Disease risk

500

The _____ indicates the relative rate consumption of food leads to glucose appearing in the blood.  Diets low in this has led to increased weight loss, reduced risk of obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Glycemic index

500

_____g or less than _____% of your total caloric intake must come from lipids.

65/30%

500

_____ proteins contain all essential amino acids.  For example: milk, eggs, cheese, fish, poultry, meat, soy, quinoa.

Complete

500

This part of your brain is considered your thirst center.

Hypothalamus.

500

This mineral exerts significant osmotic pressure in the body, controlling extracellular fluid volume and the distribution of water.

Sodium (Na)

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