Pre-op inspection
True or false: A forklift pre-operation inspection should be done at the start of every shift.
True
OSHA requires operators to inspect forklifts before each shift to identify any damage or defects.
What OSHA standard covers powered industrial trucks (forklifts)?
29 CFR 1910.178 —
the OSHA standard for powered industrial trucks.
When traveling with a load, how high should the forks be from the ground?
6 to 8 inches off the ground —
high enough to clear obstacles, low enough to keep the load stable.
What should a forklift operator do at a blind corner or intersection?
Slow down, sound the horn, and proceed with caution. Use mirrors if available.
Can an operator allow a passenger to ride on a forklift?
No.
Passengers are never permitted on a forklift unless the truck has been designed with an approved passenger seat.
Name two fluid levels an operator should check during pre-op inspection.
Engine oil, hydraulic fluid, coolant (water), fuel, or battery water levels.
How often must forklift operators be evaluated/recertified under OSHA?
At least every 3 years, or sooner if unsafe operation is observed, an accident occurs, or the operator is assigned a different truck type.
What happens to the stability of a forklift as the mast is tilted forward?
Forward stability decreases.
The center of gravity shifts forward, increasing the risk of tip-over.
Name two hazards created by wet or slippery floors in a warehouse.
Loss of traction/skidding, longer stopping distances, load shifting, and potential tip-over.
What should an operator do before dismounting a forklift?
Lower the forks fully to the ground, neutralize controls, set the parking brake, and turn off the engine.
What should you do if you find a defect during pre-op inspection?
Take the forklift out of service, tag it, and report it to a supervisor immediately. Do not operate until repaired.
What is the maximum safe load a forklift can carry?
The load shown on the data plate.
Never exceed the rated capacity. Capacity may be lower with elevated loads or attachments.
Why is it dangerous to carry a load on one fork?
It creates an uneven load distribution,
making the forklift unstable and greatly increasing tip-over risk
What is a common cause of forklift tip-overs when turning?
Turning too fast,
especially with an elevated or off-center load. Speed + turn = tipping risk.
Is it ever acceptable for an operator to use a cell phone while operating a forklift?
No.
Any distraction while operating is prohibited. Cell phone use must be done only when the forklift is parked and the engine off.
What do you check when inspecting forklift forks?
Check for cracks, bends, wear (10% reduction in original size = replace), and that the heel is not worn down.
According to OSHA, when must a forklift operator slow down?
At intersections, wet/slippery areas, when vision is obstructed, around pedestrians, on ramps, and in congested areas.
What is the 'stability triangle' on a forklift and why does it matter?
The three-point support formed by the two front wheels and the center of the rear axle.
The combined center of gravity (truck + load) must stay inside this triangle to prevent tip-over.
What is the safe pedestrian clearance rule for forklifts in a work zone?
Maintain at least 3 feet of clearance from pedestrians. Stop and wait if a pedestrian is in the path.
What must an operator do if the load blocks their forward vision?
Travel in reverse, using the rear view, or have a trained spotter guide them forward.
What is the purpose of checking the data plate (nameplate) on a forklift?
t shows the load capacity, weight, mast type, and attachment info. Capacity changes with attachments — operators must know this before loading.
How should you handle a load on a ramp or incline?
Drive with the load upgrade (uphill). Never turn on a ramp. Travel in reverse going downhill. Keep load tilted back.
How should you handle a load on a ramp or incline?
Drive with the load upgrade (uphill).
Never turn on a ramp. Travel in reverse going downhill. Keep load tilted back.
What is the leading cause of forklift-related fatalities according to OSHA?
Forklift tip-overs (overturns) are the #1 cause of forklift fatalities. Always wear the seatbelt and never jump from a tipping forklift.
An operator is asked to lift a coworker on the forks to reach a high shelf. What is the correct response?
Refuse.
Using forks to elevate personnel is prohibited unless a specifically designed, approved work platform is used with safety rails and the operator stays at the controls.