Declaration of Independence
What are natural rights?
People have unalienable rights including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
This document provided states with more power than the central government.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
Madison warns these are inevitable in a free society.
What are factions?
This Anti-Federalist essay warned that a strong central government would threaten individual freedoms.
What is Brutus No. 1?
MLK Jr. wrote this famous letter advocating civil disobedience.
What is Letter from Birmingham Jail?
Citizens can overthrow a government that violates their rights.
What is the right to revolution?
This 1787 document created a stronger federal government.
What is the U.S. Constitution?
Federalist No. 51 argues this principle will help prevent abuse of power among branches.
What is separation of powers?
Anti-Federalists feared this would dominate and diminish state power.
What is the federal government?
This landmark act of 1965 banned literacy tests and increased federal oversight of elections.
What is the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
This theory explains that government power comes from the consent of the governed.
What is the social contract?
System preventing any branch from becoming too powerful.
What are checks and balances?
Federalist 10 claims that this type of republic is best at controlling factions.
What is a large republic?
Demanded this addition to protect citizens’ liberties.
What is the Bill of Rights?
This clause of the 14th Amendment is the constitutional basis for anti-discrimination protections.
What is the Equal Protection Clause?
The Declaration blames this group for violating colonists’ rights.
Who are the British King and Parliament?
A weakness of the Articles was that the federal government could not do this with money.
What is tax or collect revenue?
Weakest branch with judicial review.
What is the judiciary?
This group strongly opposed ratification without protections.
Who are the Anti-Federalists?
Strategy to challenge segregation and promote equality.
What is nonviolent civil disobedience?
This philosophical concept, heavily influenced by John Locke, asserts that individuals possess inalienable rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and governments are created to protect these rights.
What are natural rights?
This mechanism in the Constitution resolved disputes between state and federal authority, unlike the Articles which declared states “sovereign.”
What is the Supremacy Clause?
In Federalist 78, Hamilton argues that the judiciary relies on ________________ for enforcement, proving it has “neither force nor will.”
What are the executive and the legislature?
Predicted tyranny if central government too powerful.
What is a large, consolidated government?
Gideon v. Wainwright incorporated this specific right to the states, transforming the criminal justice system.
What is the right to counsel?