Random FK
List the Branches of Behavior Analysis
1) Conceptual Analysis of Bx, 2) ABA, 3) EAB, 4) Behavioral Service Delivery
This type of behavior produces corresponding modification in other adaptive, untrained behaviors (i.e., tends to lead to more complex behaviors)
Pivotal Behaviors
What are the 6 Elementary Verbal Operants
Echoic, mand, intraverbal, tact, textual, transcription
This indicator of trustworthiness measurement ensures that the measured data is directly relevant to the phenomenon.
Validity
This experimental design is used if a BCBA wants to test whether a specific consequence is a reinforcer for hand-raising in a classroom, and the teacher is willing to remove an effective intervention for a few days to make that determination.
Reversal/Withdrawal design
This type of behaviorism accounts for private events and includes verbal behavior as part of its philosophy. A) Methodological Behaviorism, B) Both Radical and Methodological Behaviorism, C) Neither, D) Radical Behaviorism
D) Radical Behaviorism
This group contingency is used when a BCBA wants all residents to increase their cleaning behavior. The concern is that some residents may sabotage the group effort.
Independent Group Contingency
Mands are controlled by MOs. What are tacts controlled by?
Nonverbal SDs
•Sam's reading program uses pictures above new words that he is learning to say. Which of the following is critical for him to demonstrate mastery of the new words?
•A) Tact training
•B) Imitation training
•C) Prompt fading
•D) Modeling
C) Prompt fading
This design does not require reaching a steady state before moving to the next intervention, but enables to compare the effectiveness of four different interventions.
Alternating (i.e., multielement) design
Accuracy
What is the best behavioral cusp to target first when writing goals for a 5-year old: toileting, imaginary play, reduction of self-stimulation, or manding.
Manding
To maximize the effectiveness of a stimulus as a punisher, the stimulus should be: A) delivered intermittently, B) gradually increased in magnitude of each delivery, C) the exact same magnitude every delivery, D) delivered on an FR1 schedule
D) delivered on an FR1 schedule
You used a withdrawal design to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment. The use of the withdrawal design exemplifies which dimension of ABA?
Analytic
An intervention aims to establish a client's appropriate greetings at home and school. What is the best experimental design to examine functional relations between an increase in the appropriate greetings and the intervention? A) Parametric design, B) Multiple baseline design, C) AB design, D) Changing criterion design
B) Multiple Baseline
The breakdown of cooking food in a microwave is 9 steps. If the client cannot do any part of the food cooking sequence independently, this chaining strategy should be considered first.
Backward chaining
Help a teacher develop a classroom management plan! All students find peer social approval reinforcing. This group contingency should be most likely to be effective towards increasing all students' performance.
Interdependence group contingency.
•Charlie first withheld food from the client, then maintained the target behavior by consequentially delivering food. What did Charlie use with the client?
–A) positive reinforcement
–B) negative reinforcement
–C) extinction
D) negative and positive reinforcemet
A) positive reinforcement
•Which behavioral assessment procedure is not helpful with identifying target responses that need a more direct and thorough assessment?
•A) Ecological assessment
•B) Interview
•C) Checklist
•D) Functional analysis
D) Functional Analysis
•Shelley is a classroom teacher with 30 students. She has an aide who assists 2-3 times per week, for half of the day. There are 3 students in the class who are struggling with word acquisition, and Shelley has one intervention she believes will work for all of them. Which design would be the most practical to use to implement and analyze the effects of the intervention?
–A) Non-concurrent multiple baseline across subjects
–B) Multiple baseline design across behaviors
–C) Multiple probe design across subjects
–D) Multiple baseline design across subjects
C) Multiple probe design across subjects
•A student with a history of problem behavior is transitioning from a special education classroom into a regular education classroom. Which of the following actions would be the best for a BCBA to take?
–A) Train the teacher to provide reinforcement to the student and peers for pro-social behavior.
–B) Create an emergency backup restraint plan and train staff and teacher to implement it in the new classroom.
–C) Inform the student's new teacher and peers about the student's disabilities and relevant behavior programs.
D) Train the teacher and peers to competency on avoiding all situations that may evoke problem behavior
A) Train the teacher to provide Rx to the student and peers for pro-social behavior.
•Data indicate no progress for a client; however, other members of a school interdisciplinary team state the client seems happy and that the intervention plan should not change. What is the best course of action for the behavior analyst to take?
•A) Continue to make treatment suggestions and decisions based on data.
•B) Maintain confidentiality when reporting ethical violations to the principal.
•C) Tell the team members how to use the current data to guide treatment decision making.
•D) Independently implement programs using data to guide intervention decisions.
A) Continue to make treatment suggestions and decisions based on data.
•Which of the following is the best way to verify if the client's appropriate behavior has increased after the treatment was introduced?
–A) Graphed results of a social validity assessment
–B) Graphed results of a procedural integrity assessment
–C) Interview a caregiver before and after treatment
–D) Visual assessment of an A-B research design
D) Visual assessment of an A-B research design
Though an A-B design is the weakest design, it can tell you if the behavior has changed after the treatment was introduced (note it doesn't tell you if the bx change BECAUSE of the treatment), using direct observation. Regarding incorrect answer choices, interviews and social validity do not directly assess the bx before and after treatment, they are indirect methods so aren't the best for verifying if bx is actually changing in any particular way. Procedural integrity assessment just says if the treatment is being implemented correctly or not by the staff, doesn't necessarily directly show if client's target bx improves.
•After Carson threw dirt on one of his peers during recess, the teacher made Carson sit on the bench for the rest of recess. Carson never threw dirt at recess again. Of the following, which best describes the interaction between the behavior and environment?
–A) Negative punishment
–B) Positive punishment
–C) Extinction
–D) AO for punishment
A) Negative punishment
•Trudy often interjects loudly during class and disrupts the other 28 students in her classroom. Because the teacher can’t collect data on Trudy's behavior, a 1:1 aide was assigned to help Trudy. What’s the best discontinuous measurement procedure to train the aide to use?
–A) Whole interval recording
–B) Event recording
–C) Momentary time sampling
–D) Partial interval recording
D) Partial interval recording