Levels of care
What is direct care? Give one example
care provided directly to the patient
ex) CPR, cooking, cleaning, bathing, grooming, ambulation, safe administration of nursing procedures, ect.
What are the professional standards?
(HINT: 6)
Advocate
Educator
Communicator
Manager
Caregiver
Autonomy/Accountablity
What is the purpose of prioritization of care
this helps you determine which patient you will see first
ID problems, prioritize problems, etc.
What are the types of orders and what are their perimeters
Standing (clear circumstances)
PRN (as needed)
STAT (ASAP)
What is the purpose of safety
reduces incidences of illness and injury
prevents extended length of treatment/stay
increases patients sense of well being
improves/maintains functional status
What is indirect care? Give one example
treatment performed away from the patient but on behalf of the patient
ex) giving report on patient, planning to give bath to patient, updating MDs on changes
How are being an educator and communicator equally important
with communication you are able to get to know your patient, which helps identify strengths, weaknesses and need; where you can step in and be the educator
Define nursing paradigm
links person health environment/situations and nursing
What are the 6 rights of administration
right patient, drug, dose, time, route
What is the purpose of QSEN
minimizing risk of harm to patients and providers
Why is the need for continuing care increasing?
People are living longer
Why is it important that you advocate for your patient?
Give an example of advocating for your patient
Protect patients human and legal rights
helping patients assert their needs
Describe individualized plan of care
individual goals
individual nursing diagnosis
describe at least 3 nursing responsibilities during medication administration
checking patients condition
immediately observing for adverse effects, notify RN manager and MD
report errors
Why are isolation precautions mandated?
to help control the spread of pathogens
Restorative vs continuing care and give an example of each
R: regaining maximal function, promotes patients independence
ex. rehab
C: people who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from terminal disease
ex. assistive living, nursing care facilities
Define autonomy and accountability and give an example of each
autonomy involves the initiation of nursing interventions without medical orders
ex. sitting patient up when O2 stats are low
accountability involves taking professional and legal responsibility for your actions
ex. giving patient wrong meds
Define and describe HIPPA
Confidentiality
protecting records
disclosures or requests regarding health information are limited
ex. lock you work station computer, only share info with who your patient says they can, etc.
How can we prevent errors during medication administration
chart ASAP
spell correctly
no white out or scribbles
do your checks and rights
What is the difference between standard precautions and transmission based precautions
Standard is used on all hospital patients
Transmission is used in addition to standard precautions for patients with suspected infections
Differentiate the levels of care
(HINT: primary, secondary, tertiary)
Primary: preventative, first point of contact, primary care provider
Secondary: specialty, treating medical conditions, oncologist/cardiologist
Tertiary: hospitalization, diagnosing medical conditions, ICU/MED SURG
Describe the importance of being a caregiver
helping to maintain and regain health
finding their maximum levels of independent function through the healing process
including patients emotional, spiritual, and social well-being
Describe what restraints are, hazards that are associated with them, and alternatives to restraints
either physical or chemical which limit activity or to control an individuals behavior
hazards: suffocation, impaired circulation, fractures, incontinence, altered nutrition/hydration, etc.
alternatives: bed alarms/chair alarms, walking and talking to calm patient down, posey beds, etc.
Define the 3 types of orders and how to make sure they are accurate
VO (verbal), TO (telephone), CPOE (computerized physician order entry)
RBV: read back and verified
sign orders with name title and pager number
date and time
Verbal in emergency situations
Define/describe never events, SBAR, PASS, RACE
never events; wrong site surgery, HAPU, mismatched blood
SBAR; situation, background, assessment and recommendation used to help improve communication
PASS; pull, aim, squeeze, sweep
RACE; rescue, activate, confine, and evacuate