Characteristics of Science & 3 Terms
An "inner" dimension exists that is the cause of behaviors.
Mentalism
The universe is a lawful and orderly place
Determinism
Involves behavior determined by history of consequences
Operant behavior
Associated with behaviorism in the early 20th Century, "stimulus-response behaviorism"
Watson
Observable and measurable
Behavioral
A fictitious variable is contributes nothing to our understanding of the behavior.
Explanatory Fiction
Objective observation and measurement
Empiricism
Involves reflex responses that are elicited
Respondent behavior
1930s, analysis of behavior occurring primarily in a laboratory setting.
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
Socially important
Applied
The true value of a statement is a function of how well it promotes effective action; the primary criterion by which behavior analysts judge the value of their findings.
Pragmatism
The only way to know, for certain, the relationship of phenomena
Experimentation
This type of behavior is evoked.
Operant
Associated with Skinner in the 1950s; recognized the "private events" as behaviors.
Radical Behaviorism
Demonstrates control or functional relation
Analytic
A collection of facts about observed events
Description
Requires scientists to continually question the truthfulness of facts
Philosophic Doubt
Selectionism by consequences during the lifetime of the individual organism
Ontogeny
Holds that inner variables do not exist and should not be considered in the study of behavior.
Methodological Behaviorism
Based on the principles of behavior
Conceptual or Conceptually Systematic
Correlation
Prediction
Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomenon under study be ruled out before more complex or abstract explanations are considered
Parisomy
Selection in the evolutionary history of a species.
Phylogeny
Coined in 1968, this is the definition of ABA.
The process of applying sometimes tentative principles of behavior to the improvement of specific behaviors, and simultaneously evaluating whether or not any changes noted are indeed attributed to the process of application (p. 91).
Involves meaningful change
Effective