Classifying Matter
This is how we define matter.
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
The arrangement of atoms determines whether matter is either a __________ or a __________.
Substance, mixture
This is a change in shape, form, or state of matter in which the matter's identity stays the same
Physical change
Characteristic of matter that can be observed as it changes to a different type of matter.
Chemical property
This is a classification of matter that is made up of one or more types of atoms in the same combinations.
Substance
This is a small particle that is a building block of matter.
Atom
This is a characteristic of matter that you can observe or measure without changing the identity of the matter
Physical property
This physical property identifies the temperature at which the attraction between particles in a substance becomes less, which allows particles to slide past eachother
Melting point
This is a chemical change, and four signs that one has taken place
change in matter in which the substances that make up the matter change into other substances with new physical and chemical properties. Bubbles, energy change, odor change, color change
The combination of symbols and numbers that is a chemical formula can only be used to represent this type of matter; provide an example.
Compounds. H20, CO2, NaCl...
Light, sound, force, and energy are not matter; this is how we know anything about them.
Properties of things that are not matter have been determined by observing how they interact with matter.
State of matter is a physical property; this is how solids, liquids and gases differ
They differ in how close the particles are to each other and how fast the particles move (how much energy they have)
This is when a solid changes directly to a gas without first changing to a liquid, and the reverse process
Sublimation, Deposition
This is the difference between a physical and a chemical change.
A chemical change involves the formation of a new substance. In a physical change, no new substance is formed.
Fill in the blanks: in a homogeneous mixture, or a _________, the __________ dissolves evenly into the ________, which is the substance present in the largest amount.
solution, solute, solvent
These are the two different types of substances and how they are defined.
Elements and compounds; elements are substances that contain just one type of atom, compounds are substances that have two or more different elements chemically bonded together
These are two size-dependent physical properties of matter and how they are defined
These are five size-independent physical properties of matter and how they are defined
Mass: amount of matter in an object
Volume: The amount of space something takes up
Melting and boiling point: the temp from which a solid turns to liquid, and a liquid to a gas
Density: mass per unit volume of a substance
Conductivity: ability of matter to carry along an electric current or thermal energy
Solubility: ability of a substance to dissolve in another
This is how the freezing point of a substance compares to the melting point.
It is the same--a substance freezes from a liquid to a solid a the same temperature that it melts from a solid to a liquid. The same is true of boiling and condensation
These are three chemical properties of matter, and three ways to speed up the rate of a chemical reaction
ability to rust, ability to burn, ability to rot
increase temperature
Increase the concentration of at least one reactant
Increase the surface area of a solid reactant (smaller pieces have more total surface area, providing more space for reactants to collide)
This is how the atomic number of an element is determined.
The number of protons in the nucleus
Proton: positive, nucleus
Neutron: neutral, nucleus
Electron: negative, move around the nucleus in an "electron cloud"
Atoms of different elements contain different numbers of protons.
This is how physical properties are used to separate mixtures.
Differences in the same physical property or properties are used to separate mixtures.
This is what is meant by Conservation of Mass (use the example of creating a solution and name what type of change is created when mixing a solution)
Mass is conserved because it remains the same after a physical or chemical change. Physical
This is what you cannot change when balancing a chemical reaction and why
You cannot change the chemical formulas of the reactants or products, because by changing the chemical formulas, you would indicate that different substances were involved in the chemical reaction
This is the number of known elements and different types of atoms
118