Geography Tools
The two main branches of geography are __________ and __________.
What are physical geography and human geography?
The rivers of Mesopotamia are the __________ and __________.
What are the Tigris and Euphrates?
Egyptian rulers were known as __________.
Who are pharaohs?
The founder of Buddhism is __________.
Who is Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)?
A condition that drives people to leave their homeland is called a __________ factor.
What is a push factor?
This type of location uses latitude and longitude.
What is absolute location?
Egyptians called their land the “Gift of the __________.”
What is the Nile?
The Zhou dynasty introduced this belief that rulers were chosen by heaven.
What is the Mandate of Heaven?
The sacred text of Islam is the __________.
What is the Qur’an?
The movement of people within a country, such as rural → urban, is called __________ migration.
What is internal migration?
Name two elements every map should include to be useful.
What are title, compass rose, scale bar, legend/key, or grid?
The Indus River cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, showed advanced planning with this type of design.
What are grid patterns (or planned city layouts)?
This empire, founded by Cyrus the Great, built the Royal Road and divided its land into satrapies.
What is the Persian Empire?
Christianity spread widely through this empire before becoming a global religion.
What is the Roman Empire?
The spread of an idea from a central point outward without people moving is called __________ diffusion.
What is expansion diffusion?
This map type uses color to represent statistical differences, such as population density.
What is a choropleth map?
The unpredictable floods of this river earned it the name “China’s Sorrow.”
What is the Yellow River (Huang He)?
The Hittites were known for their early use of this strong metal for weapons.
What is iron?
Hinduism teaches that one’s duty in life is called __________.
What is dharma?
Give one example of forced migration in history.
What is the transatlantic slave trade (or refugees from conflict, etc.)?
Explain one major challenge with map projections and why it occurs.
What is distortion (of shape, area, distance, or direction) because the Earth is round but maps are flat?
Compare Mesopotamia’s government to Egypt’s government.
What is Mesopotamia had independent city-states, while Egypt was unified under a pharaoh?
How did geography shape the Nubian Kingdom’s importance in trade?
What is Nubia controlled trade routes between Central Africa and Egypt and was rich in gold, ivory, and iron?
Compare how Judaism and Islam each connect religion with laws and daily life.
What is Judaism emphasizes covenant and laws (Torah, Ten Commandments), while Islam emphasizes Sharia law and the Five Pillars?
Explain one positive and one negative consequence of migration.
What is positive: cultural blending, economic growth; negative: brain drain, cultural clashes, or urban strain?