Density or overall darkness of the film appearance.
What does mA control?
100
Rectangular
What is the shape of the collimator that reduces patient exposure by 1/2?
100
6 feet and 90-135 degree from the primary beam
What is the distance / position to stand when exposing X-rays?
100
Skin, thyroid, lens of the eye, and bone marrow
What is the most critical organs associated with dental X-rays?
200
Collimator
What is made of lead and limits the size and shape of the X-ray beam?
200
Signs of excessive radiation exposure Passed on to succeeding generations
What is genetic effects?
200
Cathode
What is the negative electrode where electrons are generated?
200
Dosimeter
What is used to measure radiation exposure of the occupational worker?
200
Erythema
What is the first sign of redness of the skin produced by excess radiation exposure?
300
Anode
What is the positive electrode and acts as the target for the electrons?
300
Acute radiation exposure.
What is a large amount of radiation exposure in a short period of time?
300
Creates a sharper image and should be kept as long as possible.
What is the Focal spot?
300
ALARA
What is the acronym for keeping radiation as low as reasonably achievable?
300
16 inch PID (position indicator device)
What is the PID length that produces less divergence (spreading out)?
400
Detail, resolution, or definition
What is known as sharpness?
400
Latent period.
What is the time from exposure to radiation until the visible effects?
400
Creates high contrast of black, white, and gray areas.
What is 70 kVp?
400
5.0 Rems - 0.05 Sieverts
What is the maximum permissible dose per year of the occupational worker?
400
Penumbra
What is the fuzzy or blurred area that surrounds an image.
500
Scatter radiation
What is a form of secondary radiation, deflected in all directions, and is dangerous to the patient and the operator?
500
Ionization
What is a cause in disruption of the metabolism and permanent damage to living cells and tissues. (dangerous form of radiation)
500
2.5 mm
What is the aluminum filtration requirement for machines operating at 70 kVp or greater?
500
Using fast speed film.
What is one of the most effective methods of reducing patient exposure?
(Fast speed film has larger crystals which require less radiation, in turn is less exposure to the patient)
500
Radiolucent
What is the appearance of the structures that radiation can pass through easily? Or black / air spaces.