Investigations
An specific event, condition, or characteristic that comes before a certain health outcome and is necessary for it to occur
What is Cause?
The occurrence of a disease in larger than normal expectancy within a community, region, or population
What is Epidemic?
A person in a population who has been identified as having a particular disease, disorder, injury, or condition
What is Case?
Objects that harbor infectious agents and are capable of being a means of transmission
What is Fomite?
Preventing a disease before it happens
What is Primary Prevention?
A determinant such as behavior, environmental exposure, or human characteristic that is associated with an increased risk for a certain health outcome
What is Risk Factor?
Infectious disease that is prevalent in an extensive region, country, or continent
What is a Pandemic?
The first disease case in the population
What is Primary case?
An invertebrate animal that transmits infection by transferring the infectious agent from host to host
What is Vector?
Type of prevention that requires the individual to change their behavior and habits
What is Active Primary Prevention?
How well a program can produce results for participants compared to those who don't participate
What is Efficacy?
The constant presence of a disease in a community or among a group of people that continually prevails in a region, and is consistent annually
What is Endemic?
The first documented case brought to the attention of the epidemiologist
What is Index Case?
The habitat in or on which an infectious agent lives, grows, multiplies, and for which it depends on to survive
What is Reservoir?
Type of prevention that doesn't require behavior change on the part of the individual
What is Passive Primary Prevention?
Finding and quantifying associations between exposures and diseases, testing hypotheses, and identifying causes
What is Analytic Epidemiology?
Infectious disease coming from a specific source
What is a Common-Source Epidemic?
An individual/group of individuals who have all of the symptoms of a disease, but have not yet been diagnosed
What is Suspect Case?
Non-living intermediary such as a fomite, food, or water that indirectly transmits the infectious agent from its reservoir to a susceptible host
What is Vehicle?
Health screening and detection activities used to identify disease in its earlier stages
What is Secondary Prevention?
Characterizing the distribution of diseases by examining determinants such as race, gender, age, socioeconomic status
What is Descriptive Epidemiology?
Infections transmitted from one infected person to another
What is Propagated Epidemic?
A set of criteria used in diagnosis and allows to make a decision on whether the individual has the disease
What is Case Definition?
Infectious organism in vertebrate animals that can be transmitted to humans
What is Zoonosis?
Stopping the progression an illness in order to keep it requiring excessive care, becoming debilitating, and focuses on improving the quality of life
What is Tertiary Prevention?