Who Rules?
What type of government is ruled by a king or queen?
Monarchy
What are John Locke's three natural rights?
Life, liberty, and property
What are the four features every sovereign state must have?
Population, territory, sovereignty, and government
Which ancient Greek city developed a direct democracy?
Athens
What document establishes the structure and powers of government?
Constitution
What type of government gives citizens political power?
Democracy
What is the state of nature?
Life without government or laws
What does sovereignty mean?
The power to govern independently without a higher authority
What were the four requirements for citizenship in ancient Athens?
Free, male, at least 18 years old, and born to Athenian parents
What does rule of law mean?
Everyone, including government leaders, must follow the law
What is the difference between direct and representative democracy?
Direct: citizens vote on laws; Representative: citizens elect people to make decisions
What is a social contract?
An agreement where people give up some freedom in exchange for government protection
Name two of the four major roles of government.
Make laws, protect the country, keep order, help citizens (any two)
What was the main job of the Athenian Assembly?
Discuss and vote on laws
What does consent of the governed mean?
Government gets its authority from the permission of the people
What is an oligarchy?
Government controlled by a small group of people
Which philosopher believed people needed a powerful ruler to prevent conflict?
Thomas Hobbes
Why is North Carolina not an independent sovereign state?
It must follow the U.S. Constitution and federal laws
How were members of the Council of 500 selected?
By lottery
What limit on government is violated when a president shuts down Congress and takes its powers?
Separation of power
A country has a king and uses religious law to govern. What two government types does it combine?
Monarchy and theocracy
How did Hobbes and Locke disagree about overthrowing government?
Hobbes opposed overthrowing the sovereign; Locke believed people could revolt if government failed to protect their rights
Name three ways a country's boundaries can change.
War, negotiation, and purchase
Name two features of Athenian democracy that influenced American government.
Any two: legislative bodies, voting, jury trials, rule of law, age requirements, or representation based on population
Name all five limits on government studied in this unit.
Constitution, rule of law, rights of the minority, consent of the governed, and separation of power