Nature vs. Nurture
This theory is based on the belief that we are born with innate abilities and/or traits.
What is nativism?
This is something that strengthens the occurrence of a behavior.
What is a reinforcer?
An attachment style characterized by discomfort with emotions, guardedness, and difficulty expressing needs.
What is avoidant attachment?
The personality trait that describes one's tendency to be organized, responsible, and hardworking.
What is conscientiousness?
The mental health disorder characterized by an excessive fear of social situations.
What is social anxiety disorder?
This theory is based on the belief that we are born knowing nothing and that our experiences create knowledge.
What is empiricism?
This form of intelligence is based on the ability to be mentally nimble and quick.
What is fluid intelligence?
The new life stage between the ages of 18 to 25 that is more common in industrialized countries.
What is emerging adulthood?
The matching of different emotional responses (i.e., feelings, behaviors, facial expressions, physiology).
What is emotional coherence?
The therapeutic approach that is based on the belief that mental health challenges stem from conflicts within our unconscious.
What is psychoanalysis?
A numerical representation of how much of a trait or characteristic's variation is due to genetics.
What is the heritability coefficient?
This form of conditioning is based on the belief that the consequences of a behavior inform the likelihood of the behavior occurring again.
What is operant conditioning?
The study that led to the development of the different attachment styles.
What is the Strange Situation?
This theory is based on the belief that our descriptions of people's personality should be reflected in our language.
What is the lexical hypothesis?
A core feature of humanistic therapy that emphasizes the importance of expressing empathy and acceptance towards clients instead of judgment and criticism.
What is unconditional positive regard?
A well-known nativist who believed that language is learned without formal teaching. He believed in the "Language Acquisition Device".
Who is Noam Chomsky?
This term describes the finding that intelligence scores, on average, are increasing overtime.
What is the Flynn Effect?
This the main determinant of one's attachment style.
What is caregiver accessibility?
Society's learned rules about how to manage and respond to emotions.
What are cultural display rules?
This disorder has overlapping symptoms with borderline personality disorder making it difficult to differentiate the two.
What is bipolar disorder?
This process of intentionally modifying characteristics of living things to enhance desirable traits is NOT considered ethical in humans.
What is selective breeding?
In Pavlov's classic experiment, the unconditioned stimulus was represented by this.
What is dog food?
The identity status in which one is actively exploring different options but has not made any commitments.
What is moratorium?
This model of personality is similar to the Big 5 but adds a honesty-humility dimension.
What is the HEXACO model?
In combination with re-experiencing, negative changes in thinking and mood, and changes in physical and emotional reactions, this final symptom cluster makes up the diagnostic criteria for PTSD.
What is avoidance?