Anatomy
What is the name of the landmark that separates the right and left mainstem bronchi?
Carina
What is the exchange of gases between living organisms and its environment?
Respiration
What is the purpose of the Hering - Breuer Reflex
Prevents over inflation of the lungs
What is the term for the maximum lung capacity?
Total lung capacity
What lung sound is consistent with an upper airway obstruction?
Stridor
What is the name of the grapelike sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gas exchange occurs?
Alveoli
Deoxygenated blood goes to the lungs via what structure?
Pulmonary Artery
40-60
What is the term for the average volume of gas inhaled or exhaled in one respiratory cycle?
Tidal Volume
What type of pressure causes us to breathe?
Negative
What is the name of the structure that keeps food from entering the trachea?
Epiglottis
What is the term that describes an abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood?
Hypoxemia
What effect would hypoxia have on the respiratory rate?
Increase
Amount of gas the remains in the airway not involved in gas exchange?
Dead Space
What breathing pattern gradual increases and decreases in respirations with periods of apnea?
Cheyne-Stokes
a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear
Eustachian Tube
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration?
Diffusion
What structure within the body regulates the respiratory rate?
Chemoreceptors
The term for the amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration?
Residual Volume
What two airway sounds are consistent with a gas exchange issue?
Crackles and Rhonchi
What are the names of the four cartilages that help make up the larynx?
Thyroid
Cricoid
Arytenoid
Cricothyroid
What are five causes of Hypoxia?
Hypoxemic Hypoxia - V/Q mismatch
Stagnant Hypoxia - Cardiogenic Shock
Anemic Hypoxia - low Hgb
Histotoxic Hypoxia - Inability of tissues to use O2
Oxygen Affinity Hypoxia -Left Shift on Curve
What airway adjunct cannot be administered to a patient suffering from a skull fracture?
NPA
The term for the amount of air that can be maximally expired after maximum inspiration.
Forced Expiratory Volume
What lung sound describes rapid, deep respirations, with short pauses between sets?
Biots