Method
Where did the study take place?
What is BRAZIL
Where and when was RENOVATE published?
What is JAMA (Journal of American Medicine Association) December 2024
What was the primary outcome?
What was intubation or death within 7 days
What was the overall conclusion of the RENOVATE trial?
What is NHF was found to be non-inferior to NIV for rates of intubation or death at 7 days within all patient groups except for immunocompromised patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure
Why was the immunocompromised patient group terminated?
What is futility
What areas of the hospital were included in the study (3)
What are the ER, ICU and Wards
How many patient groups were included?
What is 5
What were the secondary outcomes? Bonus points if you get both!
What is: no difference in Day 28 or day 90 mortality and ICU days or ventilator free days
What was one of the limitations?
What is the small sample sizes in some patient groups
What is: 88-92% for COPD, 92-98% for all others
How many hospitals participated in the trial?
What is 33
What is acute respiratory failure
What was the positive tertiary outcome for NHF?
What is NHF was superior for patient comfort
What is: Initiating treatment with NHF is generally not harmful and can serve as a safe bridge therapy while the underlying cause of acute respiratory failure is determined and the most appropriate treatment is implemented
What is COVID-19
What type of clinical trial was RENOVATE?
What is an adaptive, noninferiority randomized controlled trial
How was NHF delivered and at what flows?
What is Airvo 2 starting at 30L/min for COPD and 45L/min for everyone else, titrating up to 60L/min
Overall, what percentage of NHF patients were intubated or died in the first 7 days compared to NIV?
What is 39% for NHF, 38% for NIV
Summarize what Freund stated about RENOVATE in an editorial
What is: the authors deserve recognition for the trials ambitious scope and adaptive design that allowed for real time adjustments to improve relevance and applicability
What was the incidence of serious adverse events in both treatment groups?
What is 9.4% for NHF and 9.9% for NIV
How many patients were included?
What is 1766
What were the max settings for both IPAP and EPAP in the NIV group?
What is 20/12
What percentage of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema patients were intubated or died in the NHF group compared to NIV?
What is 10.3% (NHF) vs 21.3% (NIV)
Where do the authors think further study is needed? (what patient groups ((3))
What are COPD, immunocompromised patients and acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Who is the first author listed for this publication?
Who is Dr. Isreal Maia