Nutrition
Rate the body metabolizes food to maintain energy requirements: awake and at rest
BMR
Focuses on restoration and rehabilitation and treatment of a health problem.
Tertiary
1. The unregulated growth and spread of cells
2. 2nd leading cause of death in the U.S.
CANCER
What age range is super active and eat mostly finger foods on the run
PRESCHOOLERS (age 3-6)
For establishing tubes, prior to accessing:
Aspirate stomach contents & check Ph with Ph paper
Air Auscultation is not evidence-based!
Relates weight and height
BMI
Describes the multidimensional nature of persons as they interact within their environment.
Health Promotion Model
CARCINOGENS
In what age do these factors occur:
Loss of appetite, taste, teeth, less saliva
GI tract and secretions slow down
OLDER ADULT
Nasoenteric/ Nasointestinal is what?
Nose to small intestine
ABCD Data
A. ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
B. BIOCHEMICAL (LABORATORY) DATA
C. CLINICAL DATA (PHYSICAL EXAM)
D. DIETARY (FOOD INTAKE) DATA
What stage of change deals with the following:
1. Arguing
2. Interrupting
3. Denying
4. Ignoring
PRECONTEMPLATION
What factors have been linked to colon cancer
1. Diets high in fat
2. Diets high in processed meats
3. Diets low in fruit and vegetables
What is used to measure skinfold (fat and skin thickness) ?
CALIPER
Does not restrict fat, fiber, spices, or seasonings. Only the texture and consistency of foods are changed. Fruits and vegetables may be soft-cooked or pureed.
MECHANICAL SOFT DIET
You are using the nursing process to prepare to visit an elderly home bound client who is not consuming enough iron. Indicate the sequence of your actions for the visit.
1. B. Elicit information on food habits using food pyramid
2. D. Make nursing diagnosis of Nutrition, Imbalanced: Less than body requirements related to inadequate knowledge
3. A. Teach about foods high in iron
4. Ask client to state what he has learned
A client tells the nurse, “I quit drinking for three months last year, but then I started again after a stressful week. I really want to stop for good this time, so I’ve made an appointment for counseling.” Based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), which stage of behavior change is the client currently in?
PREPARATION STAGE
What 3 things improve survival rates?
1. Early detection
2. Prompt treatment
3. New/more specific effective diagnoses and treatments
What measures rapid changes in protein?
PREALBUMIN
Examples of chemical carcinogens
Cigarette smoke, asbestos
What is used when a client cannot swallow or when food transport is disrupted
Enteral Nutrition
This stage is the ULTIMATE goal. Person has complete confidence that the problem is no longer a temptation or a threat
TERMINATION STAGE
What are the warning signs for cancer?
CAUTION:
Change in bowel/bladder habits
A Sore that doesn’t heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or a lump in breast
Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
Obvious change in wart/mole
Nagging cough or hoarseness
Clients who are visually impaired use what technique?
CLOCK-FACE technique
A client with type 2 diabetes says, “I’ve been checking my blood sugar before every meal and cutting out sugary drinks for the past five months. I still get cravings sometimes, but I remind myself how much better I feel now and how proud my family is.”
According to the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), which stage of behavior change is the client currently in?
Pre-contemplation stage
Contemplation stage
Preparation stage
Action stage
Maintenance stage
ACTION STAGE