Upper Extremity
Lower Extremity
Pelvis/Acetabulum
Anatomy
Potpourri
100

Absolute indications for fixing humeral shaft fractures (6)

What are:

  • open fracture

  • vascular injury requiring repair

  • brachial plexus injury

  • ipsilateral forearm fracture (floating elbow)

  • compartment syndrome

  • periprosthetic humeral shaft fractures at the tip of the stem

  • inability to maintain satisfactory reduction closed

  • progressive nerve deficit after closed manipulation

100

Distal tibiofibular syndesmosis components

the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament, interosseous membrane, inferior transverse ligament, and the interosseous ligament

100

Strongest ligaments in body

Posterior sacroiliac complex

100

Components of the Posterior Ligamentous Complex

supraspinous ligament (SSL), interspinous ligament (ISL), ligamentum flavum (LF), and facet joint capsule (FJC)

100

TLICS


200

How to assess both bone forearm fractures are rotationally malaligned on XR?

  • the bicipital tuberosity and radial styloid should be 180 degrees apart on the AP view 
  • ulnar styloid and coronoid are 180 degrees apart on the lateral view 


200

Most common neuro and vascular injury of anterior knee dislocation

What are peroneal nerve and intimal tear
200

Radiographic signs of sacral dysmorphism

  • anterior up-sloping upper sacral ala

  • irregular, non-circular, sacral nerve root tunnels

  • residual S1 disk

  • tongue-and-groove SI joint

200
Components of the Posterolateral corner?

LCL, popliteus, PFL

200

How dry is it?

Bone dry

300

Why are proximal phalanx fractures apex volar?

Interossei flex proximal fragment, central slip extends distal fragment

300

Most common talar dislocation direction and what blocks reduction?

Medial

reduction blocked by peroneal tendons, EDB, talonavicular joint capsule

300

What is a flamingo view and what is considered a positive finding?

One legged stance XR in comparison to contralateral legged stance XR, a shift in greater than 5mm indicates instability or laxity

300

1st plantar layer of the foot muscles

What are: 

Flexor digitorum brevis

Abductor hallucis

Abductor digiti Minimi

300

What stem is this?

SROM

400

Radial tunnel compression sites (3/5)

  • fibrous bands anterior to radiocapitellar joint

  • radial recurrent vessels (leash of Henry) 

  • medial edge of ECRB

  • proximal aponeurotic/tendinous edge of the supinator (arcade of Frohse)  

  • distal edge of the superficial layer of the supinator

400

Lisfranc classification, name and types

Hardcastle and Myerson

400

Name of extraperitoneal area between the pubic symphysis anteriorly and the urinary bladder posteriorly

Space of Retzius

400

Lateral collateral ligament complex (elbow) 4 components and origin/insertion

What are:

  • Lateral collateral ligament complex consists of 4 components 

    • accessory lateral collateral ligament

    • annular ligament

    • lateral radial collateral ligament (LCL)

    • lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL)

      • LUCL is the primary stabilizer to varus & ER stress 

        • origin

          • lateral humeral epicondyle

        • insertion

          • the tubercle of the supinator crest of the ulna

400

The 3 meanings of "Essex-Lopresti" (must describe)

What are:

Radial head fracture with DRUJ dislocation

Classification of intraarticular calcaneus fractures

Maneuver- Exaggerate varus, plantarflex forefoot, valgus reduction, K wire 

500

Deforming forces on a base of the thumb fracture and their innervation

What are:

  • abductor pollicis longus (PIN) 
  • extensor pollicis longus (PIN) 
  • adductor pollicis (Ulnar n.)
500

Intraop evaluation of rotation in femoral shaft fractures

True lateral of the distal femur, XR at hip 

500
Further subclassification of transverse acetabular fractures

What are transtectal, infratectal and juxtatectal and tectal refers to the acetabular dome

500

Types of scapular winging, cause, and affected nerve

Medial Scapular Winging

  • test for serratus anterior weakness or long thoracic nerve dysfunction.

Lateral Scapular Winging

  • test for trapezius weakness or spinal accessory nerve (CNXI) dysfunction


500

Test for thoracic outlet syndrome (name and maneuver) 

  • Wright's Test

    • positive if the patient losses their radial pulse

    • technique

      • passively externally rotate and abduct the patient's arm while having the patient turn their neck away from the tested extremity.

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