Progressive Era Vocabulary
Movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms.
What is Progressivism?
Reporter for the New York Post who exposed corruption (graft) in New York's political machine.
Who is Lincoln Steffens?
The Progressive Era came a close with this Constitutional Amendment which granted women suffrage.
What is the 19th Amendment?
Critics called this Black leader's speech "The Atlanta Compromise" because he preached Black economic uplift within the system of black subordination & Jim Crow
Who is Booker T. Washington?
Populist presidential candidate who ran on the Democrat ticket in 1896
Who is William Jennings Bryan?
Community centers where poor, illiterate immigrants could learn how to read and speak English and find other resources.
What were settlement houses?
New York reporter whose photography exposed How the Other Half Lives in the city's slums.
Who was Jacob Riis?
Reform movement that emerged in the late 1800's seeking to improve society by applying Christian principles. (e.g., Jane Addams @ Hull House)
What is the Social Gospel movement?
The first African American to graduate from Harvard, this professor, author, and sociologist became a vocal critic of Booker T. Washington
Who is W.E.B. Dubois?
Farmers in the 1890's suffered due to inflation and this seizure of their land by banks
What is foreclosure?
Plank in Populist Party platform that later became the 17th Amendment to the Constitution.
What is the Direct Election of Senators to the U.S. Congress in Washington. D.C.? (as opposed to letting state legislatures put them in)
His semi-autobiographical narrative, The Jungle, persuaded President Roosevelt to regulate the meat packing industry.
Who was Upton SInclair?
This reformer fought for women's suffrage (i.e., the right to vote)
Who is Susan B. Anthony?
SCOTUS decision from 1896 that was "progressive" insofar as it legalized Jim Crow segregation in all areas of public life
What is Plessy vs. Ferguson?
In Alabama, the price of this crop plummeted due to overproduction in the 1890's
What is cotton?
Process by which voters can remove elected officials from office before their term ends.
What is the recall?
This African-American journalist and early Civil Rights leader wrote exposés on racial terror lynchings
Who is Ida B. Wells?
A movement to stop alcohol abuse and the social problems that go along with it
What is the temperance movement?
System by which poor Southerners (e.g., farmers) were kept in a cycle of debt - unable to rise above the peasant caste
What is debt peonage?
In his Cross of Gold speech, Bryan spoke out against this monetary system
What is the Gold Standard?
Process that allows citizens to approve or reject a law passed by a (state) legislature.
What is the referendum?
A journalist who uncovers and exposes misconduct in government or business.
Muckraker
This educator became a member of the National American Women's Suffrage Association (NAWSA), serving as its president from 1900 til her death
Who is Carrie Chapman Catt?
If freedmen's children were viewed as "impudent" (e.g., disrespectful) to whites, they always faced this threat
What is racial terror lynching?
Bryan's Cross of Gold speech used religious imagery in its rhetoric to speak up for farmers against what interests in the Eastern U.S.?
What is Big Business?