French in North America
These men ventured into the woods and lived with the First Nations. They exchanged knowledge with First Nations, trapped furs, and were responsible for much of early European exploration.
This British company was given a monopoly that covered all of Rupert's land. They build many trading posts, and are a large reason for the exploration into the interior of Canada.
The Hudson's Bay Company
Citizen
A member of society
This explorer found lots of fish, specifically cod, along the coast of Newfoundland. Due to his discovery, fisheries and colonies were eventually established.
John Cabot / Giovanni Caboto
Elders
This social structure involved the king giving large pieces of lands to the nobles. The nobles then had to find colonists to settle the land. These habitants had to give a portion of their crops and fees to the noble.
Seigneurial System
In the 1700s, Britain and France were at war over the succession to the Spanish throne. Eventually, the __________________ would be signed which would hand French territories over to the British.
Treaty of Utrecht (1713)
Filles du Rois
Young women sent to New France to become wives of the colonists. (meant to increase population in New France)
This French explorer was trying to find a passage to Asia when he came across the Mi'kmaq. Later, he travelled along the St. Lawrence trying to set up a colony for New France. He ended up ruining relationships with the Haudenosaunee.
Jacques Cartier
This group unfortunately became extinct due to the colonization of Newfoundland and tensions between the British and their group for food and land.
The Beothuk.
King Louis the XIII wanted to become the most powerful ruler in Europe. He gave monopolies to merchants in return for building settlements. As a result, this area was established in 1605. It's name means "earthly paradise".
Acadia
James Cook traded _____________ with the Nuu-chan-nulth, which ended up being very valuable in China.
Sea Otter Skins
Imperialism
This French cartographer helped establish Quebec, by setting up colonies, alliances with the Wendat, and persuading the king to send more colonists. He helped the Wendat fight the Haudenosaunee.
Samuel de Champlain
Mi'kmaq's decisions were made by councils listening to issues and discussing the issue until they all agreed what to do. This was was known as what?
Decision by consensus.
This member of the Sovereign Council was in charge of day-to-day affairs within the colony; supervising courts, managing the economy, and saw roads were built.
Intendant
In 1749, the British built a large base in their new territory. They brought 2600 soldiers and colonists, demonstrating their sovereignty over this area. What was the base called?
Merchantilism
Economic system where imperial country becomes rich by selling resources from its colonies. (Resources are given to mother country, the leftovers sold to others!)
This Hudson's Bay Company man travelled into the interior and was the first European to see Buffalo. He created strong relationships with the Cree and got greater access to furs.
Henry Kelsey
In Haudenosaunee culture, the society was ___________ which means that the head of each longhouse was a woman.
Matrilineal
What are the 4 main reasons for European expansion of their empires? (you must explain one in detail!)
Economics - claim resources, make money, furs
Competition - countries at war with one another, more colonies = more power
Religion - wanted to spread the word of the Catholic Church
Curiosity - curious for new knowledge, what lay beyond the horizon
What were the 4 reasons Britain wanted to build colonies in North America? (you must explain one in detail!)
Economy - Britain wanted to make more money
Competition - France and Spain were expanding, Britain wanted to expand!
Quality of Life - Britain was overcrowded, colonials wanted a place to resettle
Religious Freedom - Wanted to practice faith openly
Monopoly
When only one company or group is allowed to trade in a certain area.
This French noble, alongside Champlain, established Port Royal in 1605.
Pierre du Monts
According to the Anishinabe seasonal cycle, what month is the best for fishing?
May