The Old Regime
This estate was made up the clergy.
The First Estate
The Enlightenment inspired revolution with ideas about reason, equality, and __________.
Government
Louis XVI called the Estates-General to deal with this crisis.
France’s financial crisis / debt
This document guaranteed equality and natural rights to French citizens.
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
The Reign of Terror was a period of mass violence targeting people seen as ________.
Enemies of the Revolution
The estate that paid all the taxes under the Old Regime.
The Third Estate
This Enlightenment thinker believed in the separation of powers.
Montesquieu
The Third Estate was weakest in the Estates-General because of this voting imbalance.
First and Second Estates could combine votes to outvote them
Émigrés and Sans-Culottes made up these two opposing groups.
Émigrés = nobles who fled; Sans-Culottes = working-class revolutionaries
The guillotine was used partly because it was considered this kind of execution method.
Quick, efficient, and more humane
This group was the middle class of the Third Estate.
The bourgeoisie
These social gatherings helped spread Enlightenment ideas.
Salons
In June 1789, the Third Estate swore this famous oath.
The Tennis Court Oath
These countries wanted Louis XVI restored to the throne.
Austria and Prussia
Capital punishment is defined as this.
The legal execution of a person as punishment
The 2 key privileges of the Second Estate was this tax advantage.
Exemption from most taxes and the ability to collect land taxes
True or False: Before the revolution, France’s economy was strong and debt-free.
False
On July 14, 1789, revolutionaries stormed this prison.
The Bastille
This leader sought to create a “Republic of Virtue.”
Maximilien Robespierre
The Committee of Public Safety’s main goal was to do this.
Eliminate enemies of the Revolution
These two royals were criticized for extravagance and poor leadership.
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
This estate created the National Assembly to represent the people.
Third Estate
The Bread Riots were led by this group.
Women (working class)
This five-man group governed France after the Terror, before Napoleon.
The Directory
This revolutionary led the Haitian Revolution and fought for independence from France.
Toussaint Louverture