Pre Revolution
The old order of France where the nobles and church held most of the power.
Ancien Regime
The philosophy of a Gov't spending more than it takes in.
Deficit Spending
Mechanism with a fast falling blade used for executions.
Guillotine
Reform made that made all citizens equal under the law, granted religious toleration, and the abolition of feudalism.
Napoleonic Code
The right to vote.
Suffrage
Why did the nobles hate Absolutism?
Middle class citizens were being given chances at Government jobs.
Why did France almost becoming bankrupt?
Kings spent money on their bad habits, etc. They just kept borrowing more and more money to try and pay for it.
5 member leadership group and 2 house Congress put in place to serve the French people after the overthrow of the Monarchy.
Directory
How did Napoleon expand the French empire?
Annexed many countries in Europe and brought them under French control.
A list of grievances.
Cahiers
French term for the middle class.
Bourgeoisie
A meeting of members of each class to discuss the problems of the French Empire.
Estates General
How long did it take Napoleon to rise through the political ranks?
2 years to become Emperor.
What challenges did Napoleon encounter when he continued expanding?
The more people you control, the harder it is to control them and the more likely they are to rebel.
What happened to anyone who opposed the revolution?
They were executed.
List the members of the three estates.
1st-Clergy (church)
2nd-Nobles
3rd-Everyone else
Why did King Louis fire his advisor?
He suggested they tax the 1st and 2nd estates.
Leader of the revolution during the Reign of Terror before Napoleon took power.
Robespierre
Strategy used by the Russians where they burned crops and villages while retreating in order to starve out the French Army.
Scorched Earth Policy
The time period after the execution of the King during the Revolution.
Reign of Terror
Why did the 3rd estate hate the nobles?
Because for their whole lives the few controlled the many, they were given every opportunity at powerful jobs, etc. and the majority of the population struggled.
What goals did the Estates General have for reforms?
Fair taxes, freedom of the press, regular meetings of the Estates.
Encouraged new industries, built a public school system, fixed relations with the Catholic church, opened up jobs for anyone based off talent not status.
Where was Napoleon exiled to?
Elba, where he escaped from, then St. Helena where he died.
Was the French Revolution successful? Why or why not?
Yes, their goal was to overthrow the French Monarchy and establish a new kind of Government. They executed the king and got rid of the monarchy.
No, they wanted to overthrow the Monarchy for a more democratic style of Gov't and after Napoleon they ended up with essentially the same thing they had before.