French Revolution I
Who was Robespierre?
The leader of the Committee of Public Safety and dictator during the Reign of Terror who ruled France through terror. He executed 40,000 political "enemies" before being beheaded at the guillotine himself.
Who was the extravagant queen of France who spent freely and paid no attention to the reality of life in France for most people in the third estate?
Marie Antoinette
Napoleon was named general by which body of government?
The Directory
Where did Napoleon die?
St. Helena
What was the Main Tax called in France?
Taille
The phrase “men are born and remain free and equal in rights.” appears in which French Revolution document?
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
The people of France were divided into three large social classes or _____________
Estates
At what age did Napoleon begin military school?
9
Why did Napoleon sign a Concordat with Pope Pius VII?
Many nobles and peasants wanted the Church's role in France restored after the revolution. This established a relationship that recognized the influence of the Church without Napoleon losing power to it.
What were the series of meetings in Austria that aimed at peace in Europe known as? These meetings also reconstructed territory in Europe and restored the Monarch.
The Congress of Vienna
What was the social and political system in place in France before the revolution? Usually consisted of Monarchs and friends in high positions.
The Old Regime
What was the name of the time period characterized by paranoia and the murder of nobles in France?
The Great Fear
What was the comprehensive set of laws that Napoleon created called?
The Napoleonic Code.
How did Napoleon try to end corruption in the French government?
He created schools, or lycees, to train people. He then gave jobs based on merit.
Explain how the Congress of Vienna set up of Europe after Napoleon was a victory for conservatives/ old regime type of leaders. (3)
-restored old kings to power (no Enlightenment/ revolutionary plans for government)
-Concert of Europe (resist future European revolutions)
-France returned to a Monarchy
The constitution of 1795 made the Directory to rule France. What did the Directory consist of?
2 house legislature- elected by male property owners (30,000 people)
Upper- 500 members- drafted laws
Lower- 250 members- accepted or rejected laws
5 man Directory
When King Louis needed to raise taxes on the people of France, he called together a meeting of the _____. This was a meeting between all Estates, the first one that had been called in 175 years.
Estates General
How did Napoleon come to power?
A coup detat
What two major reasons drove Napoleon to sell the Louisiana Territory to the US?
He needed money and he thought it would hurt Britain.
What were the three Estates? What types of population were in those Estates?
1st- Clergy
2nd- Nobles
3rd- Bourgeoisie, Peasants
Name three early events that led to the French Revolution that showed the shift in power from the King to the People.
What were the main Causes of the French Revolution? There are 2 Main Reasons.
1st and 2nd Estate did not Pay Taxes. All of 3rd did. Then the 2 bad harvests of 1777,1778
Describe the Hundred Days.
Napoleon's last bid for power when he escaped from Elba only to lose at Waterloo.
What was the Continental System?
A Trade Embargo that Napoleon made to deplete Englands resources. This meant that everyone on the Continent that was in Napoleon's Empire only traded with themselves and not with England.
What was Napoleon's last defeat? what island was he exiled too? What was his first island that he was exiled too?
Waterloo
St. Helena
Elba