French Revolution I
The leader of the Committee of Public Safety and dictator during the Reign of Terror who ruled France through terror. He executed 40,000 political "enemies" before being beheaded at the guillotine himself.
Who was Robespierre?
The extravagant queen of France, who was an Austrian Hapsburg, and spent a lot of money, and paid no attention to the reality of life in France for most people in the third estate.
Who was Marie Antoinette?
Napoleon was named general by which body of government?
The Directory
Where did Napoleon die?
St. Helena
What was the Main Tax called in France?
Taille
The phrase “men are born and remain free and equal in rights” appears in this French Revolution document modeled after the Declaration of Independence.
What is the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen"?
The people of France were divided into three large social classes or _____________
What are Estates?
At what age did Napoleon begin military school?
9
Why did Napoleon sign a Concordat with Pope Pius VII?
Many nobles and peasants wanted the Church's role in France restored after the revolution. This established a relationship that recognized the influence of the Church without Napoleon losing power to it.
What were the series of meetings in Austria that aimed at peace in Europe known as? These meetings also reconstructed territory in Europe and restored the Monarch.
The Congress of Vienna
This was the social and political system in place in France before the revolution that usually consisted of Monarchs and nobles at the top of society, and peasants at the bottom.
What is the Old Regime?
Wave of peasant riots and violence in August 1789 that scared nobles in the French countryside.
What is the Great Fear?
What was the comprehensive set of laws that Napoleon created called?
The Napoleonic Code.
How did Napoleon try to end corruption in the French government?
He created schools, or lycees, to train people. He then gave jobs based on merit.
Explain how the Congress of Vienna set up of Europe after Napoleon was a victory for conservatives/ old regime type of leaders. (3)
-restored old kings to power (no Enlightenment/ revolutionary plans for government)
-Concert of Europe (resist future European revolutions)
-France returned to a Monarchy
The constitution of 1795 created a new format of government in which this 5 man ruling body served as an executive branch
What is the Directory?
This was the general assemblyKing Louis XVI needed to call in order to raise taxes on the people of France.
What is the Estates General?
How did Napoleon come to power?
A coup detat
What two major reasons drove Napoleon to sell the Louisiana Territory to the US?
He needed money and he thought it would hurt Britain.
What were the three Estates? What types of population were in those Estates?
1st- Clergy
2nd- Nobles
3rd- Bourgeoisie, Peasants
This event in Paris on July 14, 1789, marks the beginning of the French Revolution.
What is the Storming of the Bastille?
What were the main Causes of the French Revolution? There are 2 Main Reasons.
1st and 2nd Estate did not Pay Taxes. All of 3rd did. Then the 2 bad harvests of 1777,1778
Describe the Hundred Days.
Napoleon's last bid for power when he escaped from Elba only to lose at Waterloo.
What was the Continental System?
A Trade Embargo that Napoleon made to deplete Englands resources. This meant that everyone on the Continent that was in Napoleon's Empire only traded with themselves and not with England.
What was Napoleon's last defeat? what island was he exiled too? What was his first island that he was exiled too?
Waterloo
St. Helena
Elba