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True or False
Louis XVI was killed while the peasants were storming Versailles.
F - Louis XVI was executed by guillotine in 1793, not during the storming of Versailles.
The period during the French Revolution in which Robespierre led the Committee of Public Safety and executed thousands of political figures was called the Terror.
T – The Reign of Terror was led by Robespierre and resulted in thousands of executions.
The king, queen, Robespierre, and Napoleon all lost their heads to the guillotine.
F – Napoleon was not executed by guillotine; he was exiled and died on St. Helena.
Women were excluded from participating in the French Revolution.
F – Women participated in the Revolution, including the Women's March on Versailles.
Prior to the Revolution, France’s political and social system was a leftover from Medieval feudalism.
T – France’s pre-revolutionary system (Old Regime) was based on feudalism.
Napoleon’s first title as head of France was emperor.
F – Napoleon’s first title was First Consul, not Emperor.
The first violent step in the French Revolution was the storming of Versailles and killing of the king’s guard.
F – The first violent act of the Revolution was the storming of the Bastille in 1789.
The Tennis Court Oath, taken by the Directory, stated that the group would not disband until a constitution was written.
F – The Tennis Court Oath was taken by the National Assembly, not the Directory.
Napoleon was finally able to gain control of Great Britain after the Battle of Trafalgar.
F – Napoleon never controlled Great Britain; he lost at the Battle of Trafalgar.
The Duke of Wellington successfully defeated Napoleon and ended Napoleon’s military career.
T – The Duke of Wellington led the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo, ending his career.
In France, the First and Second Estates were
a. willing to pay their share of taxes. c. the ones who started the revolution.
b. the clergy and the nobles. d. all of the above.
(b) – The First and Second Estates were the clergy and nobility.
All of the following policies were part of Napoleon’s reforms EXCEPT
a. establishing the Bank of France. c. creating a fairer tax system.
b. providing for public education. d. providing for religious freedom
(d) – Napoleon’s reforms did not include religious freedom.
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the French Revolution?
a. France’s bankrupt condition c. heavy taxation of the poor
b. The incompetence of Louis XV and Louis XVI d. discontent of the First Estate
(d) – The First Estate (clergy) was not discontent; they benefited from the Old Regime.
In regards to the Empire of France and Napoleon, why was the Battle of Trafalgar important?
It secured Napoleon’s popularity and allowed him to declare himself Emperor of France.
The English navy won an important battle and completely destroyed France’s fleet.
It was the battle where Napoleon was finally defeated and as a consequence exiled.
The Directory realized that Napoleon was powerful enough to overthrow the government.
(2) – The Battle of Trafalgar was a major British naval victory that destroyed the French fleet.
Which of the following was the chief goal of the Congress of Vienna?
a. to punish France c. to create lasting peace
b. to create a unified Europe d. to punish Napoleon
(c) – The Congress of Vienna’s main goal was to create lasting peace in Europe.
Which French document lists the national rights of all people and the rights
possessed by citizens?
a. the Tennis Court Oath c. the Declaration of the Rights of Man
b. the Bill of Rights d. the Continental System
(c) – The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen listed citizens’ rights.
The purpose of the reign of Terror was to get rid of
a. the nobility. c. opposition to the Revolution.
b. foreigners. d. Peasants who attacked Versailles.
(c) – The Reign of Terror aimed to eliminate opposition to the Revolution.
The Continental System was designed to
a. cut off trade with England. c. open trade to England.
b. cut off French trade. d. open trade to France.
(a) – The Continental System was Napoleon’s strategy to cut off trade with England.
Which of the following paid the majority of taxes in pre-Revolutionary France?
a. the First Estate c. the Third Estate
b. the Second Estate d. the clergy
(c) – The Third Estate (commoners) paid most of the taxes in pre-revolutionary France.
Louis XVI was forced to accept the document written by the National Assembly
because
the Revolutionary Army threatened to execute him.
it was the only way that he would be allowed to remain as mayor of Paris.
thousands of armed Parisian women descended on the palace and tried to capture the royal family.
his attempt to escape to Poland had failed.
(3) – Louis XVI was forced to accept the National Assembly’s document due to a protest by armed Parisian women.
The Committee of Public Safety was given broad powers to
a. enforce the Napoleonic Code. c. protect the people from “enemies.”
b. defend France from outside threats. d. write a constitution.
(c) – The Committee of Public Safety was given broad powers to protect the people from "enemies".
Napoleon overthrew the _____ to establish his consulate.
a. Directory c. British government
b. Legislative Assembly d. National Assembly
(a) – Napoleon overthrew the Directory in a coup d'état to become First Consul.
Napoleon’s Great Army was ultimately defeated in Russia by
a. the Duke of Wellington. c. the bitter Russian winter.
b. the superior British navy. d. a combined Russian and Austrian army.
(c) – Napoleon’s army was defeated in Russia due to the bitter winter.
The Russian army weakened Napoleon’s forces by
retreating hundreds of miles and burning their own country.
waiting to attack during the brutal Russian winter.
splitting their forces and attacking from two sides.
making an alliance with the Turks.
(1) – The Russian army retreated and burned their own land (scorched earth policy), weakening Napoleon’s forces.
Why was the Battle of Waterloo a turning point in European history?
It marked the final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte and ended his rule as Emperor of France.