There
Who were the philosophes?
Enlightenment thinkers who believed in justice and freedom.
What did the philosophes OPPOSE?
abolition of government
Who said, “Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains”?
Rousseau
Before the revolution, which group of people made up the membership of the First Estate?
Clergy
Before the revolution, which group had the least amount of political power.
Peasants
Under Louis XIV, what was life like at Versailles?
Dangerous - people constantly threatening to burn down & overthrow the king
Who was called the Sun King?
Louis XIV
What did Marie Antoinette advise Louis XVI to do?
Why did many people disapprove of Marie Antoinette?
She was Austrian, interfered in politics & built a make-believe peasant village.
What was the first reform demanded by the Third Estate’s deputies?
One vote per deputy, no matter which estate
In the French Revolution, where did the deputies take their oath not to separate until they had written a constitution?
The tennis court at Versailles
What happened at the Bastille on July 14th, 1789?
The sansculottes stormed the building and killed the leader of its defenders.
Why is the summer of 1789 known as the “time of the Great Fear” in France?
Peasants rioted and fled from what they thought was a nobles' plot to kill them
What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
The French Bill of Rights
What did the Declaration of the Rights of Man NOT established?
Why did the Parisian women march to Versailles in October 1789?
to demand bread
What did the royal family do after the women marched to Versailles?
returned to Paris
What gave the Reign of Terror its name?
Many people were executed
Why did the Jacobins establish a new calendar?
The old calendar was associated with Christianity
Who was Jean-Paul Marat?
the man who assassinated a leading Jacobin
Which title did Napoleon never hold?
What was the greatest factor in Russia’s defeat of Napoleon’s army?
The cold Russian winter
Which battle was the final defeat in Napoleon’s military career?
Waterloo
Which of the following did Romantic artists value most?
Spontaneity
Which civilization did the new Revolutionary fashions honor?
(2,000 points!!!)
Classical