Building Blocks
Who came up with the term “cells”
Hooke
What determines a cell’s function?
It’s shape and structure
What part of the cell acts as a gatekeeper - allowing only certain things in and out?
Cell membrane
Bones are made up of what 2 major components?
Minerals (Calcium) and protein (collagen)
What are joints?
Joints are a place where two bones meet
What was the name of the theory that Schliedan and Schwann came up with?
The cell theory
Finish the sentence “all new cells come from…”
“…pre-existing cells”
Which part of the cell produces ATP - the energy molecule. Cells that are more active have more of these organelles for example, muscle cells.
Mitochondria
The prefix “osteo–” comes from the Greek term “osteon”. What does it mean?
Bone
Most of the joints in the body are this type of joint
Synovial joints
What is the “cell theory”?
All biological organisms are made up of cells. Cells are the basic units of all living things.
What is the name of the process where one cell produces more cells?
Cell division
Which organelle contains DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - which carries the instructions for all cell activities. It is the largest organelle in the cell and is usually in the centre of the cell.
Nucleus.
What is the outer most layer of bone that is filled with nerves and blood vessels?
Periosteum
Provide two examples of a hinge joint
elbow and knee
Name 1 of the 2 types of lenses on a microscope
Ocular lens or Objective lenses
What is the process called when cells become specialized for jobs like muscle or nerve cells?
Cell differentiation
Which organelles are responsible for breaking down waste, damaged cell parts and foreign invaders?
Lysosomes
Red and yellow bone marrow are found in different parts of the bone. Where is each form of marrow found in the bone?
Red bone marrow is found in the ends of bones like the femur and humerus. Yellow bone marrow is found in the centre cavity of bones that don‘t contain red bone marrow.
Provide two examples of ball and socket joints
Shoulder and hip joint
What is the main difference we discussed between animal and plant cells? Use specific terminology
Animal cells have a thin flexible cell membrane while plant cells have a rigid cell wall.
Name 3 different types of specialized cells
RBC, WBC, nerve cells, muscle cells, skin cells, ciliated/respiratory cells
What organelle is responsible for transporting chemicals packaged by Golgi bodies. They act like the Amazon delivery trucks of the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What is the role of osteoblasts and the role of osteoclasts in bone remodelling?
osteoblasts - build new bone, osteoclasts - break down old bone.
Fill in all three blanks
1. ___ connect bone to bone
2. ___ connect muscle to bone
3. ___ provides cushioning between bones
1. Ligaments
2. Tendons
3. Cartilage