First Period of Expansion
Second Period of Expansion
Third Period of Expansion
Fourth Period of Expansion
Miscellaneous
100
In 493 B.C.E., Roman leaders signed a treaty, or agreement, with their ____________ neighbors to the south.
Latin
100
Which general crossed the Alps with elephants?
Hannibal
100
Why were so many farmers and laborers without jobs during the final years of the Roman Republic?
Landowners enslaved people to work instead of paying free workers.
100
What was the Pax Romana?
A time of peace and stability in the Roman Empire
100
Who was a key advocate for Rome going to war with Carthage for the Third Punic War?
Cato
200
Why did most of the city of Rome burn down in 390 B.C.E.?
It was attacked by Gauls.
200
During the Punic Wars in Rome’s second period of expansion, Rome’s main enemy was
Carthage - A city-state in North Africa.
200
What larger issue did Spartacus’ revolt highlight in Rome?
The widespread discontent and inequality caused by Rome’s reliance on enslaved labor
200
To protect himself and his family, he (Augustus) established a private army called ____________.
the Praetorian (pray-TORee-uhn) Guard.
200
What happened on March 15, 44 B.C.E.?
Julius Caesar was assassinated by members of the Senate
300
How did Rome’s expansion affect the plebeians?
More plebeians had to serve in the army.
300
What was the result of the First Punic War?
Rome gained control of Sicily
300
What was one major cause of unrest in Rome during the final years of the Republic?
Civil wars between powerful generals and their armies
300
What were some key accomplishments of Augustus during his rule?
(list 3 - 100 for each correct answer)
- He built Rome’s first police force and fire department
- He created reforms to control Roman morals
- He expanded the empire’s borders to natural boundaries
- He encouraged education, art, literature
- He implemented taxation to fund harbors, canals, and roads.
- He repaired more than 80 temples
- Established a single system of currency
300
How did the Praetorian Guard cause problems for the emperors?
Although their job was to protect the emperor, sometimes they plotted against him.
400
What happened during the first period of expansion before 264 B.C.E.?
Romans took over the Italian peninsula
400
What was a major outcome of the Second Punic War?
Rome gained control over Spain and received huge sums of money
400
What was one major cause of the end of the Roman Republic?
Caesar defeated Pompey and the frightened Senate named Caesar dictator for life.
400
How did Octavian become Rome’s first emperor, Caesar Augustus?
He defeated his rivals - Marc Antony and Cleopatra - in battle.
400
What famous military tactic did Hannibal use to surprise the Romans?
Crossing the Alps with elephants
500
What helped Rome to be successful during the first period of expansion?
Forming an alliance with the Latins
500
Which issue first led to war between Rome and Carthage?
Control of trade in the Mediterranean
500
The people who murdered Julius Caesar wanted to give power back to the Senate. Instead, their action began
a civil war.
500
How did Augustus improve the economy of the Roman Empire?
He created a single system of currency to make trade easier.
500
List at least three benefits and at least three costs of Roman expansion.
