Fruit Classification
Peaches, cherries, and plums belong to this category characterized by an edible outer flesh surrounding a single hard pit or stone
What are drupes?
omatoes, bell peppers, avocados, and cucumbers are botanically fruits, but in the kitchen they are classified under this vegetable group.
What are fruit vegetables?
Apples and bananas naturally produce this odorless gas that accelerates ripening in surrounding fruit.
What is ethylene gas?
A classic knife cut measuring 1/8'' times 1/8'' times 2'', commonly used for carrots and peppers, also known as this matchstick cut.
What is a julienne?
In recipe costing and purchasing, the abbreviation "AP" stands for this initial state of produce before trimming.
What is As Purchased?
Oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits feature a thick outer rind and segmented juicy flesh within this fruit family.
What is citrus?
Carrots, beets, and radishes represent this vegetable type that grows underground as an anchor for the plant stem.
What are root vegetables?
Applying acid solutions like lemon juice or ascorbic acid to cut apples prevents this chemical reaction that turns flesh brown.
What is enzymatic browning?
Briefly boiling a vegetable in water and plunging it into an ice bath to set its vivid color and crisp texture is called this process.
What is blanching?
In recipe costing and purchasing, the abbreviation "EP" stands for the usable weight of produce remaining after trimming and prep.
What is Edible Portion?
Apples and pears feature a central core containing seeds and belong to this fruit category.
What are pomes?
Broccoli, cauliflower, and artichokes fall into this vegetable classification based on the edible flower heads of the plant.
What are flower vegetables?
Ripe fruit and leafy green vegetables must be kept at or below this internal temperature in cold storage.
What is 41° ?
A moist-heat cooking method where delicate fruits like pears are simmered gently in liquid until tender while retaining their shape
What is poaching?
Buying produce at peak harvest times lowers food cost and guarantees maximum flavor due to this factor.
What is seasonality?
Bananas, pineapples, mangoes, and papayas originate in warm climates and are classified under this grouping.
What are tropical fruits?
Onions, garlic, shallots, and leeks feature edible fleshy layers surrounding a short stem and belong to this category.
What are bulbs?
(DAILY DOUBLE): To ensure time-temperature control for safety (TCS), cut tomatoes, melon, and leafy greens must be stored at or below 41° to prevent the rapid growth of these.
What are pathogens (or bacteria/foodborne illness agents)?
Dry-heat cooking techniques like roasting or grilling enhance the natural sweetness of fruit by causing this reaction in natural sugars.
What is caramelization?
Cooked vegetable dishes placed on a hot buffet line must be maintained at or above this temperature for food safety.
What is 135°F ?
Watermelons, cantaloupes, and honeydews are part of this family of large fruits with thick rinds and many seeds.
What are melons?
Potatoes and sweet potatoes grow underground as enlarged, nutrient-storing plant stems known as these.
What are tubers?
Potatoes, onions, garlic, and winter squash should be stored in this type of environment rather than the refrigerator.
What is a cool, dry, dark location (between 50°F 60°F)
Preparing vegetables in small quantities throughout service rather than all at once to maintain color, texture, and nutrition is known as this practice.
What is batch cooking?
Fresh produce items receive official quality ratings from this government agency, with "Fancy" as a top rating.
What is the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture)?