Macronutrients & Micronutrients
The type of nutrient that does not provide calories but is still needed in milligram/microgram quantities in a dietary pattern
What are micronutrients (vitamins and minerals)?
_______ increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, highblood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, arthritis, and certain cancers.
Obesity
The visual representation of Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2025–2030
What is the New Pyramid?
The amount of kilocalories that the Daily Value percent is based on
What is 2000 kcal/day?
Immune defenses that stop the invasion of any pathogens (requires no previous encounter with a pathogen)
What is nonspecific (innate) immunity?
Non-essential nutrients that are responsible for unique colors, flavors, and odors in plants.
phytochemicals
A non-curable condition characterized by the loss of functioning liver cells that are replaced by scar tissue
What is liver cirrhosis?
The maximum amount of saturated fat as recommended by the DGA
What is 10% of daily calories?
The maximum chronic daily intake level of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in almost all people in a specific life stage
What is Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)?
The type of reaction that breaks down large compounds into smaller compounds
What is catabolism (or catabolic reaction)?
Alcohol has __kcal/g
What is 7?
This describes a food that is high in calories but weighs very little
What is energy-dense?
The maximum recommended amount of added sugars as recommended by the DGA
What is 10g per meal?
The Daily Value that signifies a food product is a good source of a particular nutrient
What is 10%?
The hormone produced by the pancreas which allows for movement of glucose from blood into body cells
insulin
The macronutrient that is formed by several amino acids bound together
What is a protein?
The stage of a disease or disorder that is not severe enough to produce symptoms that can be detected or diagnosed
What is subclinical?
The only nutrient that currently has a Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake (CDRR) value
What is sodium?
A claim describing the role of a nutrient in maintaining health
What is a structure/function claim?
Microscopic blood vessels that are the site of nutrient, oxygen, and waste exchange
What are capillaries?
The water-soluble vitamins
What are B vitamins and vitamin C?
A public health initiative that sets decade-long objectives to improve the overall health of the U.S. population
What is Healthy People 2030?
The Nova classification group which includes substances that have been extracted, pressed, or centrifuged from whole/minimally processed foods, or from nature to be used in culinary preparations
What is group 2?
The law that requires manufacturers to label food products that contain an ingredient that is or containsprotein from a primary food allergen
What is Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA)?
The nutrient that is needed for release of neurotransmitters from neurons
What is calcium?