Get SMART
Ouch, that joint hurts!
Around the world
Name that sign
Immunocompromised
100
Gene that confers methicillin resistance in MRSA infections
What is mecA gene
100
Name the 7 JIA subtypes and which one is the most common.
What is systemic, oligoarhritis (less than or equal to 4 joints), polyarthritis RF-negative (5 or more joints), polyarthritis RF-positive (5 or more joints), psoriatic, enthesitis-related, undifferentiated. Oligoarticular is the most common.
100
Child returning from Central/South America now with unilateral firm edema of the eyelids. What is the name of the disease and the sign associated with it?
What is American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) and Romaña sign
100
Patients with dermatomyositis and is characterized by confluent, symmetric, macular violaceous erythema on the posterior shoulders and neck, giving a distinctive appearance.
What is Shawl sign
100
Collection of inflammatory disorders associated with paradoxical worsening of preexisting infectious processes following the initiating of antiretroviral therapy in HIV infected individuals.
What is immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)
200
Tests for macrolide-inducible clindamycin resistance
What is D-test
200
What defines quotidian or diquotidian fever pattern?
What is One or two fever spikes to 103 degrees on a daily basis, which returns to normal without antipyretics and typically happen in the evening. Can be associated with myalgia and arthralgia. Seen with systemic JIA.
200
Child returns from the Caribbean with high fever, severe myalgias and arthralgia, retro-orbital pain and severe headaches followed by rash. What is the diagnosis?
What is Dengue fever
200
Stroking of the lesion results in rapid appearance of an erythematous wheal and flare. Due to local histamine release and conditions that increase the number of mast cells.
What is Darier sign. Can be seen in urticaria pigmentosa.
200
4 year old with recent relapse of AML undergoing chemotherapy develops cough and fever. Serum galactomannan is positive. Patient is started on voriconazole therapy. What is the diagnosis and hallmark finding?
What is Invasive aspergillosis (most commonly fumigatus and flavus species). Angioinvasion with resulting thrombosis and dissemination other organs is hallmark of this disease.
300
Main toxin in Clostridia that causes gas gangrene
What is Alpha toxin
300
True or False. A positive ANA in children with oligoarticular JIAN can be used as a prognostic indicator to determine which children will be at greatest risk for uveitis.
What is True. Eye exams should be done every 3 months until 7 years of age.
300
Most common Plasmodium species (malaria) associated with nephrotic syndrome
What is Plasmodium malariae
300
Pinpoint areas of bleeding seen in areas were scales are removed.
What is Auspitz sign. Seen in psoriasis.
300
Seronegative recipient receives a seropositive donor kidney now developing cough. A biopsy specimen reveals inclusion bodies and BAL PCR is positive for the organism.
What is CMV pneumonitis
400
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome is mediated by these 2 toxins
What is exfoliative toxins A and B
400
Name the 5 criteria for enthesitis-related arthropathy (ERA)
What is 1) History or presence of sacroiliac joint tenderness and/or inflammatory lumbosacral pain, 2) Presence of HLA-B27, 3) onset of arthritis in a male greater than 6 years of age, 4) acute symptomatic uveitis, 5) a 1st degree relative with ankylosing spondylitis, ERA, sacroiliitis with IBD, reactive arthritis or acute anterior uveitis. The definition of ERA is arthritis + enthesitis OR arthritis or enthesitis, plus 2 pf the above criteria.
400
Previously healthy 3 year old child returns from a 1-month vacation to Asia with his family. He develops cough, rhinorrhea and fever. Pediatrician places a tuberculin skin test that is read as 5 mm after 72 hours. CXR is negative. Next step in management is to?
What is Provide reassurance. Cutoff for children less than 4 years of age is 10 mm induration.
400
Also known as axillary freckling, is one of the defining features of type 2 neurofibromatosis.
What is Crowe's sign
400
Round, indurated, black lesion with central ulceration develops in a neutropenic patient. What is the diagnosis?
What is ecthyma gangrenosum caused by Pseudomonas aureginmosa
500
Klebsiella's two main mechanisms of cephalosporin resistance
What is AmpC beta-lactamases and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)
500
Name 4 potential treatments for JIA
What is tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab), T-cell modulators (abatacept), IL-6 receptor blockers (tocilizumab) and IL-1 blockers (anakinra)
500
11 year old soccer player presents 2 days after finals with fever, conjunctival suffusion, calf myalgias, headaches, jaundice and abdominal pain. His workup is most signficant for hyperbilirubinemia disproportionate to elevation of liver enzymes. Normal CK and renal function. What is the diagnosis and treatment?
What is Leptospirosis. Treat with penicillin, ceftriaxone or doxycycline.
500
Pink or red transverse lines found in the antecubital fossae and axillary folds. The lines are produced from confluent petechiae and are seen in patients with the preeruptive stage of scarlet fever.
What is Pastia's sign The lines persist through the eruptive stage, remaining as pigmented lines after desquamation. Pastia’s sign is named after the Roman physician Constantin Chessec Pastia.
500
Protozoan parasite commonly seen in heart-lung transplantation. Commonly transmitted from seropositive organ to seronegative recipient but reactivation of latent infection is also seen. Treated with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine and leucovorin or TMP-SMX.
What is Toxoplasmosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii
M
e
n
u