Nutrition
What is nutrition essential for?
- normal growth & development
- tissue maintenance & repair
- cellular metabolism
- organ function
what are the characteristics of bodily fluids?
- fluid amount (volume)
- concentration (osmolity)
- composition (electrolyte concentration)
- degree of acidity (ph)
this act is a federal law that requires anyone coming into an ER to be stabilized and treated (regardless of insurance)
EMTALA (The emergency medical treatment and labor act is a federal law)
four types of stress
- chronic stress
- acute
- post dramatic stress disorder
- crisis
Research shows that nurses are frequently distracted during these three phases of medication administration
- the acquisition of medication
- transportation to the bedside
- during actual administration
this term means that all household members have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to maintain a healthy lifestyle. its critical for all members of a household
food Security
this term refers to body fluid between blood vessels and cells
interstitial fluids
this law limits liability & offers legal immunity if a nurse helps at the scene of an emergency accident
Good Samaritan Law
types of crisis
- Developmental: occurs when a person. moves through the stages of life
- Situational: motor vehicle crash, job change, sever illness.
- adventitious: natural disaster, crime of violence
factors that influence absorption
- route of adminstartion
- medication ability to dissolve
- blood flow
- body surface area
- lipid solubility
Nursing Diagnosis related to nutritional problems
- risk for aspiration
- overweight
- impaired low nutritional intake
- impaired self feeding
- impaired swallowing
signs and symptoms include muscle weakness & life threatening cardiac dysthymia
Hypokalemia (K+)
requires that use of an electric health record system results in improved safety & quality & efficiency
Meaningful Use
stress causes prolonged changes in the immune system, such as:
- increased risk for infection
- HTN
- diabetes
- cancers
The 7 rights of medication
- right medication
- right dose
- right patient
- right route
- right time
- right documentation
- right indication
Important components and the most important for assessment
the most important is a physical examination.
there is also:
- anthropometry
- laboratory tests
- diet history / health record
- dysphagia (diff. swallowing)
This occurs when digestive issues disrupt the blood's acid-base balance. causes are vomiting and gastric suction
metabolic alkalosis
Legal mistakes in documentation
mistakes in documentation can result in malpractice
- failing to record health / drug info
- failing to record nursing actions
- fail to record medical administration
- fail to record drug reactions
- incomplete / illegal records
- fail to record any discontinued meds
Objective findings in assessing stress
- nonverbal behavior, grooming, hygiene, gait, quality of speech, eye contact, vital signs
what are the main organs for excretion?
- KIDNEY
- liver
- bowel
- lungs
- exocrine glands
Parenteral nutrition implementation
- nutrients are provided intravenously
- patients unable to digest
- peripheral or central line
- initiating parenteral nutrition
- preventing complications
Physical assessment components for fluid, electrolyte, and acid base (im)balances
- Daily weights
- fluid intake + output
- laboratory values
Guidlines for quality documentation
- factual (avoid terms such as "appears, seems"
- accurate
- current
- organized
- complete
What steps would you take for a blood transfusion adverse event?
- stop infusion immediately
- change out all tubing
- notify HCP
- remain with patient (Monitor)
- save the blood
nurse's role in medication administration
- determine if meds are current
- assess patients ability to self administer
- determines medication timing
- administer med correctly
- monitor effects
- provide patient teaching
- does not delegate to AP