Speech & Communication Basics
The fear of public speaking and the accompanying nervousness.
What is speech anxiety?
The type of speech organizational pattern that follows a time-based sequence.
What is a chronological pattern?
[Also accept: What is chronology or chronological?]
The rhetorical appeal most often associated with emotions.
What is pathos?
The literal, dictionary-definition meanings of words.
What is denotative meaning?
[Also accept: What is denotation?]
The range of highs and lows a speaker's voice can make.
What is pitch?
After the "silver bullet" or "hypodermic needle" model of communication, this model developed to explain how speakers and receivers simultaneously send and receive messages.
What is the transactional model of communication?
Words such as “First,” “Next,” and “Finally” are examples of this technique that helps the audience follow the logical organization of a speech.
What are signposts?
The process of examining claims and evaluating evidence, and then drawing conclusions about what is probable, while still being open-minded.
What is skepticism?
The specific type of ceremonial speech that mourns loss or is a celebration that honors the deceased.
What is a eulogy?
Moving your gaze around the room to include all audience members.
What is scanning?
The fight-or-flight response is effectively managed and stimulates an optimum performance or presentation.
What is functional speech anxiety?
The presentation of too much technical detail and complexity, overwhelming the audience with information.
What is a data dump?
The type of logical people use on an everyday basis, often leaving some parts of an argument unstated.
What is informal logic?
In addition to the present moment, this is the other thing ceremonial speeches should focus on.
What is community?
The process of discovering ways to build bridges between the speaker and listeners -- usually by considering and adapting to the audience's demographics, interests, and values.
What is audience analysis?
The classical canon of rhetoric associated with generation of ideas for a speech.
What is invention?
A specific type of informative speech that teaches an audience how to do something through step-by-step instruction and visual aids.
What is a demonstration?
A type of rhetorical fallacy that directs criticism or scorn against a person rather than the position they are arguing for.
What is ad hominem?
[Also accept: What is an ad hominem attack?]
Specialized used by a particular community or group, often associated with a profession or field of knowledge.
What is jargon?
The method of delivering one's speech from a prepared outline or condensed notes.
What is extemporaneous speaking?
Speakers should foster this affiliation or connection between the speaker and audience.
What is identification?
The type of speech organizational pattern that divides the subject into categories or aspects.
What is a topical pattern?
The principle that it is the responsibility of the speaker to provide substantial proof for their claims.
What is the burden of proof?
The figure of speech that uses repetition of vowel sounds within words.
What is assonance?
A type of audience that is hostile to the speaker and may engage in ambushing.
What is a contrary audience?