Fungi Structures
Are fungi multicellular or unicellular?
Both
What structure is used in both sexual and asexual reproduction of fungi?
Spores
Give an example of a fungus that would be classified as a club fungus.
Mushrooms
Fungi are___________.
Heterotrophs/autotrophs/both
Heterotrophs
What is the name of a unicellular fungus?
Yeast
Distinguish between haploid and diploid cells.
Haploid: one set of DNA
Diploid: two sets of DNA
Common molds can be divided into two reproductive categories (like male and female). What are these categories?
+ and -
Give one example of a parasitic fungus. What species benefits and what species is harmed?
Cordyceps
Insect is killed while fungus grows and reproduces.
What is the relationship between hyphae and mycelium?
Fungi are composed of long chains of cells called hyphae.
Hyphae grow at their tips and branch repeatedly to form a netlike mass called a mycelium.
What is budding? Give one specific species that utilizes this method of reproduction.
Reproduction method of unicellular fungi such as yeast
New cell develops while attached to the parent cell
The plasma membrane pinches off to partially separate the new cell from the parent cell.
How do chytrids obtain nutrients?
Saprophytes (feed on decaying matter) and parasites (feed on living organisms)
Explain what a mutualistic relationship involving fungi would look like.
Often form a relationship with plants, trading sugars for water and nutrient uptake
Give one way that fungi differ from plants based on their macroscopic structure (use specific terms!)
Fungi have hyphae/mycelium instead of roots, cross walls, and different cell wall composition.
What is the name of fruiting bodies in fungi? Explain how they function in reproduction.
Sporophore/sporangium
These sacs contain spores that can be released for reproduction.
What specialized structures are found in club fungi that allow for production of spores?
Basidiocarps/basidia
What are saprophytic fungi?
Saprophytic fungi are decomposers that recycle nutrients in the environment.
What is the difference between septate and aseptate fungi?
Septate fungi have cross walls in their hyphae, creating divided cells. Aseptate fungi do not have cross walls.
Describe fragmentation. Is this a form of asexual or sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction that occurs when the mycelium of a fungus is physically broken apart.
If a fragment lands in a location with suitable growing conditions, the hyphae will grow into a new mycelia.
What are two specialized structures found in common molds that allow them to grow on food?
Form specialized hyphae called stolons, which grow across the surface of food.
Also have rhizoids, hyphae which penetrate into food and absorb nutrients
What is the name of the specialized hyphae that parasitic fungi use to anchor to the host?
Haustoria