1️⃣ Morphological Theory (Word Formation)
Identify the part of speech of “modernization”.
Noun
What syntactic function do adjectives usually perform in a noun phrase?
✅ Answer: Modifier
Which part of speech typically expresses qualities or properties?
✅ Answer: Adjectives
Identify the error❌ type: “He did the task perfect.”
✅ Answer: Adverb formation error
Which suffix is typically used to form adverbs from adjectives in English?
✅ Answer: -ly
In the sentence “She spoke calmly”, what is the syntactic role of “calmly”?
✅ Answer: Adverbial modifier of manner
Explain the semantic difference between “economic” and “economical”.
✅ Answer:
economic → related to economy
economical → saving money/resources
Correct the sentence and explain the rule: “She is very intelligence.”and say synonym for correct word
✅ Answer: Correction: very intelligent Explanation: adjective needed after linking verb
Change the adjective “accurate” into a noun using derivational morphology.
✅ Answer: accuracy
Why can adjectives not directly modify verbs in English?
✅ Answer: Because adjectives function within noun phrases, not verb phrases
Why is “hardly” considered a semantic shift from “hard”?
✅ Answer: Meaning changes completely (degree vs manner)
👉 Why do ESL learners often confuse adjectives and adverbs?
✅ Answer: L1 interference and overgeneralization
Explain the difference between derivational and inflectional morphology using “careful – carefully”.
Carefully is derivational (changes word class)
Identify the head word in the phrase “extremely important decision”.
✅ Answer: decision (noun)
Identify the abstract noun in the sentence: “Honesty is essential in leadership.”and say the definition of it.
✅ Answer: honesty-saying the true word .
Analyze the learner error✖️: “She speaks English good.”
✅ Answer: Error: adjective instead of adverb Correct: speaks English well
Identify the word-formation process in “childhood”.
✅ Answer: Derivation (-hood → noun formation)
Analyze the structure of the noun phrase: “a highly successful academic project”.
Determiner: a; Adverb: highly; Adjective: successful, academic; Head noun: project
Explain why adverbs can modify adjectives but nouns cannot.
✅ Answer: Adverbs express degree or manner; nouns lack this modifying function
Suggest a communicative activity to reduce adjective–adverb confusion.
Context-based speaking tasks
Error correction through reformulation