Early Fur Trade
Who benefitted from early trade?
Europeans and First Nations
What years did the phase take place in?
1603-1670
Which company was granted a monopoly in Rupert's land? Which government gave this monopoly?
HBC by the British government
What pushed fur traders off the land and into the West?
Farming
What two companies merged?
HBC and NWC
What began the early fur trade?
Cod fishing
What two cities were critical for the fur trade network along the St. Lawrence river?
Quebec and Montreal
These people helped New France keep the fur trade going after the Haudenosaunee defeated the Wendat.
Voyageurs
Which company took over the French trade network?
NWC
Who won a court case that resulted in HBC losing their trade monopoly?
Metis traders
What did the Europeans give the First Nations when trading?
Technology
Which indigenous groups were allied with the French in the fur trade?
Oudendat, Mi'kmaq, Innu, Kichesprini
Cree and Nakota
Where did the Metis people settle?
Red River
A large piece of land was sold during this time. What was it, and who sold it to whom?
Rupert's land. HBC sold it to the government of Canada
Who set up stations on land to dry fish?
British
Who started attempting to convert indigenous people?
Jesuits - French
What area did the French traders focus on during this era?
Great Lakes region
What roles did the Metis people play?
Interpreters, guides, traders, provisioners, carters
Name three things that declined in this era.
Trade in the West, buffalo, beavers, demand for furs
Why did the French come to shore during their fishing runs?
To replenish water supply
What role did the Ouendat play for the French? Who defeated them in battle?
Middlemen, Haudenosaunee
What group originated during this era?
BONUS: What countries were the men from?
Metis
French and Scottish fathers
What became a valuable trading good during the drive West?
Pemmican
What led to the Merging of the NWC and HBC?
Conflict and fighting between the two companies.