Eye to Eye
This common eye condition in dogs causes the lens to become cloudy, leading to vision impairment.
What is a cataract?
This term refers to the inflammation of the gums, often the first stage of periodontal disease.
What is gingivitis?
Feather plucking in pet birds is often caused by a combination of medical issues and this behavioral problem.
What is stress (or boredom)?
This diagnostic tool is used to measure electrical activity of the heart.
What is an electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)?
All patients undergoing anesthesia should be pre-oxygenated prior to surgery for at least how many minutes?
What is 5?
A Schirmer tear test is used to diagnose this condition, also known as dry eye.
What is keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)?
Stomatitis, a severe inflammation of the mouth and gums, is most commonly seen in this species.
What are cats?
Unlike mammals, birds do not have a diaphragm; instead, they rely on these structures for respiration.
What are air sacs?
This term describes a heart that is enlarged on radiographs, often due to dilated cardiomyopathy or pericardial effusion.
What is cardiomegaly?
Monitoring this vital sign is essential during surgery, and it’s typically measured using a doppler or oscillometric method.
What is blood pressure?
A positive fluorescein stain test indicates this type of corneal injury.
What is a corneal ulcer?
This common oral lesion in brachycephalic breeds results from excessive tissue growth along the gumline.
What is gingival hyperplasia?
Egg binding, a life-threatening condition in birds, occurs when this organ fails to pass an egg.
What is the oviduct?
This medication, commonly used to treat congestive heart failure in dogs, is classified as a positive inotrope and balanced vasodilator.
What is pimobendan?
In brachycephalic breeds, stenotic nares surgery is performed to correct this anatomical issue.
What are narrowed nostrils?
Cherry eye results from the prolapse of this gland.
What is the third eyelid (nictitating membrane) gland?
This condition occurs when excessive wear of the teeth results from chronic chewing on hard objects, such as cage bars or tennis balls.
What is attrition?
Birds have a renal portal system, meaning medications injected into this part of the body can be excreted before reaching circulation.
What are the legs (or caudal half of the body)?
This type of arrhythmia, often seen with high vagal tone or respiratory influences, causes heart rate variation with breathing.
What is sinus arrhythmia?
This surgery can be performed on male cats suffering from chronic urinary blockages to widen the urethral opening.
What is a perineal urethrostomy (PU)?
This medication, often used to dilate the pupil during ocular exams or treat uveitis, can be toxic if ingested.
What is atropine?
This feline-specific viral disease is often associated with chronic gingivostomatitis.
What is feline calicivirus?
The presence of biliverdinuria (green urates) in a bird’s droppings is a hallmark sign of disease affecting this organ.
What is the liver?
In cats, this type of cardiomyopathy is the most common and results in thickened ventricular walls.
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
This method of drug administration, commonly used for pain management or anesthesia maintenance during surgery, involves continuously infusing a specific dosage of medication over a prolonged period to maintain stable therapeutic levels.
What is a CRI (Constant Rate Infusion)?