Sketchy Medicine
Physicians originally were forbidden in the Hippocratic oath to perform surgery. True or False.
True
What role does the skin, mucous membranes, and hair play in the innate immune system of animals?
Physical barriers
Which branch of adaptive immunity destroys body cells that are already infected?
Cell-mediated
Name one type of genome viruses can have.
From what animal did Edward Jenner derived the material for the vaccine against smallpox?
Cow
The God of Healing Asclepius has a staff that is the universal medical symbol today. What animal(s) and how many of them are pictured around this staff?
One snake
Name one component of an animal cell membrane.
Phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, carbohydrates
What is the type of white blood cells called that includes B-Cells, T-Cells, & Natural Killer Cells?
Lymphocytes
Name the two features all viruses share.
Genome and protein coat (capsid)
What is the R0 value for smallpox?
5-7
What value indicates how many people are infected on average from one case of that disease?
R0 (R-naught) value
Which immune system branch is rapid, but has not capability of immunological memory?
Innate
What type of humoral immune cells make antibodies?
B Effector Plasma Cells
What type of virus attacks bacteria specifically?
Bacteriophage
In what year was smallpox eradicated from the world?
1980
What is the name of the epidemic disease in the early 1900's that was the biggest killer in modern history?
Spanish Flu (Spanish Influenza)
Macrophage, dendritic cell, B-cell
What is that specific piece of an antigen called that is recognized by an immune cell?
Epitope
What type of viral life cycle involves a virus replicating so fast that the host cell bursts?
Lytic cycle
What is the name of the virus that causes smallpox?
Variola
Name one of the top four epidemics in terms of mortality in human history.
What type of innate immune cells are specifically effective against parasites (as well as allergens)?
Eosinophils
In addition to the antigen, what are the compounds added to vaccines that increase the reaction of the innate immune system?
Adjuvants
Retroviruses
Name one of the countries/regions where variolation originated in the 15th century.
China, India, Turkey, & West Africa