Geologic Time
What is Pangea?
A supercontinent that existed 300 million years ago. Single Landmass
what are the composition layers from deepest to the surface?
Crust
Mantle
Core
What is the name of the theory that the continents have moved slowly over time?
Continental Drift
What is the Dangerous part of a volcanic eruption? what is it made of?
Ash, made up of minerals and bone fragments.
what is the most abundant mineral on earth?
olivine
What is the age before multi-celluar life.
Pre-Cambrian
What are the names of the mechanical layers of the Earth?
Lithosphere
Aesthenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer core
Inner core
are solids or liquids more dense on average?
Solids
What scale is used to measure how powerful an earthquake is? how do we measure the power of an earthquake?
Richter Scale, and Moment magnitude scale.
What are the two main types of sedimentary rocks?
clastic and chemical
What is the name of physical evidence of the life from the past?
Fossil
What is the difference between the layers compositional and mechanical layers of the earth.
The compositional layers are based on what the layers are made of, Mechanical layers are based on physical properties.
what evidence supported the theory of Pangea?
They identified fossils and matching rock formations that existed on direct opposite sides of the landmasses.
what is a earthquake, and how does it happen?
the shaking of the Earth's surface caused by a sudden release of energy in the crust, primarily due to the movement of tectonic plates along fault lines
what is the rock cycle?
a continues process in which rocks are formed.
How long has our species been around for
300,000 years ago
What is the thinest outer layer of the earth?
Crust
How do convection currents cause the earths tectonic plates to move?
By creating a cycle of heating and cooling in the earths mantle
Do earthquakes occur in the ocean?
yes
what are the three main properties use to identify minerals?
The three main properties are color, streak, and hardness.
During what era. period, and epoch did hominids arise as a group of species? when did they become the most dominant species on Earth?
Era- Cenozoic Era
Period- Neogene period
Epoch- Miocene epoch
6-7 Million years ago
how do scientists study the earths deep interior that we cant reach or that's too hot under to much pressure to reach?
By analyzing the seismic waves from earthquakes or nuclear explosions.
What is Subduction? Where and why does it happen?
The geological process where one tectonic plate slides beneath another at a convergent plate boundary.
What are the four types of volcanos and explain the key diffrences.
Composite- built with alternating layers
Shield- formed from many thing overlapping alters of lava fluid.
Cinder- Ejected fragments of solidified lava
Lava Dome- Highly viscous, sticky lava
what are the three types of rocks and how do we get each?
Igneous- when magma slowly cools underground
Sedimentary- Pieces of minerals existing rocks accumulating over time
Metamorphic- when other rocks are changed by heat and pressure