Enlightenment
French Revolution
Vocabulary
People
100
Montesquieu believed in this enlightenment idea
separation of powers or three branches of government
100
the Third Estate began demanding democracy, equality, and liberty in France as a result of this major world event.
The American Revolution
100
a movement that emphasized science and reason as guides to help see the world more clearly
Enlightenment
100
This man lead France prior the the French Revolution, overseeing poverty and massive financial problems.
Louis XVI
200
John Locke believed in this enlightenment idea
life, liberty, land (property)
OR
Natural Rights
200
Louis XVI called an emergency meeting of this, where members from all 3 classes could advise the king
Estates-General
200
the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property
natural rights
200
"The Incorruptible", leader of France during the bloodiest phase of the Revolution.
Maximilien Robespierre
300
Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed in this enlightenment idea
Social Contract Theory
300
This man took control of France in a coup d'état after the failure of the Directory.
Napoleon Bonaparte
300
French Revolution document that outlined what the National Assembly considered to be the natural rights of all people and the rights that they possessed as citizens
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
300
the theory of capitalism and “laissez-faire” (hands off) economics by this Scottish professor.
Adam Smith
400
The two eras known as the Renaissance and the Enlightenment are similar in that they both led to people doing what?
(1) Question the world around them
(2) try to improve society
400
Fearing the spread of France’s revolutionary ideas, these two nations with monarchs assembled armies to restore France’s absolute monarchy
Austria and Prussia
400
Legal code that promoted enlightenment ideas, religious tolerance, and equality of citizens.
Napoleonic Code
400
Which Enlightenment philosopher said "“I may disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”?
Voltaire
500
Enlightenment thinkers challenged this idea that said God gives kings right to rule
Divine Right of Kings
500
Robespierre met an unfortunate end after his Reign of Terror, doing this before being beheaded.
Shooting himself.
500
a French congress established by representatives of the Third Estate on June 17, 1789, to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people
The National Assembly
500
To collect the new ideas of the Enlightenment and make them accessible, this man created the first encyclopedia
Denis Diderot
600
“Laissez-faire” is the idea that the economy thrives when the government does what?
Nothing!
600
When rumors circulated that the king was going to send his army to Paris, citizens attacked this to seize the weapons inside and defend themselves
Bastille
600
the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed
Reign of Terror
600
This English monarch was beheaded in the English Civil war, ending the Tudor dynasty of kings.
Charles I
700
These "discussion parties" were a result of high literacy rates and cheap printing across Europe.
Salons
700
When Napoleon was defeated in 1815,
European leaders met at this event to discuss how to best bring a lasting peace and stability to Europe.
The Congress of Vienna
700
a sudden overthrow of the government, usually by force
Coup d'etat
700
This English philosophe believed that humans are naturally cruel, selfish, and hungry for power
Thomas Hobbes
800
powerful monarchs who listened to new ideas and tried to improve the lives of their citizens were known as these.
Enlightened Despots
800
Napoleon ordered a blockade, called this, to cut off all trade with England.
The Continental System
800
The clergy made up a very small percentage but owned 10% of the land; the nobles made up another small percentage but also owned most of the land; and the rest of the people made up 97% of France and owned very little land
The Three Estates
800
This man, an Austrian noble sat at the table with the conservatives at the Congress of Vienna
Klemens von Metternich