Earth’s Layers
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
The Crust.
What is magma called once it reaches the Earth’s surface?
Lava.
What is the name of the theory that explains the movement of Earth’s plates?
Plate tectonics.
What is the name of the feature that is determined by the amount of energy that is released from a earthquake source?
Magnitude.
What type of mountains form from the folding of rock layers?
Folded mountains.
Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of liquid rock?
The Outer Mantle.
Name the type of rock that forms when lava cools and solidifies.
Igneous rocks.
What are the three main types of plate boundaries?
Convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries.
What instrument is used to measure the strength of earthquakes?
Seismometer (or seismograph).
How are fault-block mountains formed?
From large blocks of the Earth's crust being lifted or tilted.
Name the two types of crusts that exist on Earth.
The oceanic crust and the continental crust.
What are the three volcano's classifications?
Active, inactive or extinct.
What happens at a convergent boundary?
One plate moves under another (subduction).
What scale is commonly used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake?
The Richter scale.
What type of plate boundary is most likely to create mountain ranges?
Convergent boundary.
What is the core of the Earth primarily made of?
Iron and nickel.
What do we call the opening in the Earth’s crust through which volcanic materials reach the surface?
Vent.
Name a famous mountain range formed by the collision of tectonic plates.
The Himalayas.
The Ring of Fire.
Describe how volcanic mountains are formed.
By magma erupting through the Earth's crust and building up over time.